公司目的之演变与制度实现  

The Evolution and Institution Realization of Company's Purpose

作　　者：林少伟 LIN Shaowei

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院

出　　处：《法治研究》2023年第4期18-32,共15页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“公司法程序规范优化路径研究”(项目编号:21BFX097)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：公司目的不仅关乎公司内部权力配置之关键性根底,更指涉公司法律制度体系之结构性基础,但学界对此尚未形成共识。公司目的在不同历史时期具有差异化内涵,一开始呈现出浓厚的公共目的色彩,后在工业化发展与普通公司法背景下逐步衍生出私人目的。传统股东至上论与利益相关者论长期以来争执不休,开明的股东价值则因救济机制的缺位而难掩股东至上之实。为克服传统二分法路径弊端,有必要重塑公司目的,以可持续性营利作为公司目的新型模式。在具体实现路径上,可从宏观上构建以公司目的为主动型的公司法律生态,并在此法律生态环境下植入目的条款、对目的性股东予以赋权、在股东与董事之间设置隔离区、扩大董事义务和优化公司社会责任。Corporate purpose is not only the key foundation of power allocation in the company,but also the structural basis of the legal system of the company.However,no consensus has been reached in academia hitherto.Corporate purpose varies from one period to another,from pursuing public purpose at the beginning to the personal gain in the background of industrialization and General Corporation Law.Traditional Shareholders Primacy and Stakeholder Theory have long been in a running battle,whereas enlightened shareholder value cannot conceal the truth of shareholder primacy because of the absence of relief mechanisms.To overcome the drawbacks of traditional dichotomous path,it is necessary to remodel corporate purpose to a new pattern of substantial profitability as the corporate purpose.In terms of specific realization path,it is possible to construct a corporate legal ecology with an initiative corporate purpose on the macro level,and to implant purposive clauses,empower purposive shareholders,set up the zone of insulation between shareholders and directors,expand directors’duties and optimize corporate social responsibility in this legal ecological context.The proposal of substantial profitability meets the dual needs of corporate profitability and morality,while provides the wisdom and power of the Corporation Law to achieve common prosperity in China.

关 键 词：公司目的 股东至上 利益相关者 可持续性营利 社会责任 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]