安徽省淮南地区无偿献血者ABO和RhD血型检测结果分析  

Analysis of ABO and RhD blood group detection results among voluntary blood donors in Huainan of Anhui province

作　　者：张慧[1] 周涛[2] 程星[3] 水玉姣 方珣 刘雪荣 李东 Zhang Hui;Zhou Tao;Cheng Xing;Shui Yujiao;Fang Xun;Liu Xuerong;Li Dong(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Huainan Central Blood Bank,Huainan 232007,Anhui Province,China;Department of Blood Supply,Huainan Central Blood Bank,Huainan 232007,Anhui Province,China;Department of Quality Management,Huainan Central Blood Bank,Huainan 232007,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南市中心血站检验科,淮南232007 [2]淮南市中心血站血液供应科,淮南232007 [3]淮南市中心血站质量管理科,淮南232007

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2023年第8期1216-1219,共4页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的通过对2021年度淮南地区无偿献血者的血型检测基本情况的统计,分析ABO、RhD血型的分布,为血液招募、临床用血及稀有血型的应急保障提供数据支持。方法采用Metis150-8血型全自动分析仪及手工盐水法、抗人球及凝聚胺法,检测2021年度符合献血条件的24484例无偿献血者的ABO和RhD血型,并对血型检测结果进行统计分析。结果2021年度淮南地区24484例无偿献血者的ABO血型系统中,血型比例由高到低的顺序为A型(7463例,30.48%)、O型(7444例,30.40%)、B型(7056例,28.82%)、AB型(2521例,10.30%)。共检出RhD阴性143例,RhD阴性频率为0.58%(143/24484);在RhD阴性样本中,A型、B型、O型和AB型RhD阴性分别为43例、41例、46例、13例,分别占30.07%、28.67%、32.17%和9.09%,淮南地区不同ABO血型人群RhD阴性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.36,P=0.948)。2021年度淮南地区无偿献血者ABO血型分布与广州地区、岳阳地区、新疆博州、漳州地区、柳州地区的无偿献血者ABO血型分布特征不完全相同,其中岳阳地区A型献血者占比高于其他地区,淮南地区、新疆博州和漳州地区B型献血者占比高于其他地区,柳州地区O型献血者占比高于其他地区,淮南地区和新疆博州AB型献血者占比高于其他地区。结论淮南地区无偿献血者ABO和RhD血型分布具有一定的地区性特征,中心血站和各医疗机构应根据无偿献血采集情况和临床输血需求合理做好血液贮存和供应,防止造成血液过期浪费等情况的发生。Objective To analyze the distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups by analyzing the basic data of blood group detection among voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021,to provide data support for blood recruitment,clinical use of blood,and emergency guarantee of rare groups of blood.Methods ABO and RhD blood groups of 24484 voluntary blood donors eligible for blood donation in 2021 were detected using the Metis150-8 automatic blood group analyzer,manual saline method,antihuman globulin method,and manual polybrene test.The blood group results were statistically analyzed.Results Among 24484 voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021,A blood group accounted for the highest proportion(7463 cases,30.48%),followed by O blood group(7444 cases,30.40%)and B blood group(7056 cases,28.82%),and the last was AB blood group(2521 cases,10.30%).A total of 143 cases of RhD-negative blood were detected,and the negative frequency of RhD was 0.58%(143/24484).Among the RhD-negative blood samples,43 cases of type A,41 cases of type B,46 cases of type O,and 13 cases of type AB were RhD-negative,accounting for 30.07%,28.67%,32.17%,and 9.09%,respectively.There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of Rh-negative blood among different ABO blood groups in Huainan(χ^(2)=0.36,P=0.948).The ABO blood group distribution of voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021 was not identical to those of voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou,Yueyang,Xinjiang Bozhou,Zhangzhou,and Liuzhou.The proportion of type A blood donors in Yueyang was higher than those in other regions.The proportions of type B blood donors in Huainan,Xinjiang Bozhou,and Zhangzhou were higher than those in other regions.The proportion of type O blood donors in Liuzhou was higher than those in other regions.The proportions of type AB blood donors in Huainan and Xinjiang Bozhou were higher than those in other regions.Conclusion The distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups among voluntary blood donors in Huainan region have certain regional characteristics.Central blood bank

关 键 词：ABO血型系统 RH-HR血型系统 无偿献血 供血者 淮南 安徽 分布 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]