优质中晚熟梨树新品种‘冠玉’的选育  

Breeding of a New High quality Mid latEmaturing Pear Cultivar‘Guanyu’

作　　者：秦素洁 郭伟珍 赵京献 杜婵媛 李莹 苏丽波 QIN Sujie;GUO Weizhen;ZHAO Jingxian;DU Chanyuan;LI Ying;SU Libo(Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061;Technical Innovation Center for Forest Improved Variety,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061;Hebei Forest and Grass Seedling and Economic Forest Flower Center,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050081;Baixiang County Natural Resources and Planning Bureau,Xingtai,Hebei 055450)

机构地区：[1]河北省林业和草原科学研究院,河北石家庄050061 [2]河北省林木良种技术创新中心,河北石家庄050061 [3]河北省林草种苗与经济林花卉中心,河北石家庄050081 [4]柏乡县自然资源和规划局,河北邢台055450

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第13期157-160,F0002,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划资助项目(21326308D-1-6);河北省现代农业产业技术体系梨创新团队建设资助项目(HBCT2021210403);农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(21626808D,21626803D)。

摘　　要：‘冠玉’是从‘黄金梨’实生苗中选育出的中晚熟优质多抗梨树新品种,经DNA亲缘关系鉴定,确认其父本为‘黄冠’,是‘金光’的姊妹系。落叶乔木,树势中庸,萌芽力、成枝力中等,一年生枝棕褐色,皮孔小,长椭圆形,花芽以顶生为主,短果枝结果,容易形成腋花芽。果实圆形,果形指数0.85,浅黄色,果点少,果皮薄而光滑,外观极为漂亮。果肉白色,果心小,肉质细脆,无石细胞,甘甜爽口。平均单果质量235 g,可溶性固形物含量12%~14%,可滴定酸含量0.19%,果实硬度7.5 kg·cm^(-2),品质上等。抗寒、抗黑星病、抗褐变能力强,适宜制干、制汁。石家庄地区8月下旬成熟,果实生育期147 d左右。‘Guanyu’was a new variety of pear tree with high quality multiresistance and fresh food processing in middle and late maturity,artificially bred from the natural hybrid of‘Whangkeumbae’pear after 16 years.Through DNA genetic identification,it was confirmed that its male parent was‘Huangguan’,which was a sister line of‘Jinguang’.‘Guanyu’is a deciduous tree with a moderate tree vigor,moderate germination and branching power.The annual branches are brownish brown,with small lenticels and long oval shapes.The flower buds are mainly terminal,and the short fruit branches bear fruit,easily forming axillary flower buds.The fruit is round,with a fruit shape index of 0.85,light yellow,few fruit spots,thin and smooth pericarp,and an extremely beautiful appearance.The flesh is white,the core is small,the flesh is fine and crisp,without stone cells,and is sweet and refreshing.The average single fruit weight is 235 g,soluble solids are 12%to 14%,titratable acid is 0.19%,and fruit hardness is 7.5 kg·cm^(-2).This variety has strong resistance to cold,scab,and browning,making it suitable for drying and juicing.In Shijiazhuang area,the fruit matures in late August,with a fruit growth period of about 147 days.

关 键 词：梨 新品种 中晚熟 优质多抗 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]