2013-2022年吉林省麻疹流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：程涛[1] 付思美[1] 王爽[1] 单元春[1] 李春梅[1] 曹凤瑞[1] 武懿 李永强 李想[1] CHENG Tao;FU Simei;WANG Shuang;SHAN Yuanchun;LI Chunmei;CAO Fengrui;WU Yi;LI Yongqiang;LI Xiang(Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun 130062,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省疾病预防控制中心,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2023年第8期962-966,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：吉林省卫生计生委立项课题(2015Z101);吉林省卫生健康科技能力提升项目(2022GW007)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2013-2020年吉林省麻疹流行病学特征。方法 通过全民健康保障信息化工程中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的麻疹监测报告管理子系统,收集2013-2022年吉林省麻疹发病数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析麻疹发病率和发病特征,同时进行病毒分离及基因型鉴定。结果 2013-2022年,吉林省报告麻疹病例3 202例,报告发病率分别为0.57/10万、9.88/10万、0.71/10万、0.32/10万、0.12/10万、0.13/10万、0.13/10万、0.05/10万、0.05/10万、0.06/10万;0~1、2~6、7~18、19~29、30~49及50岁以上人群报告发病构成比分别为42.19%、10.31%、6.28%、14.52%、24.83%、1.87%。<8月龄、8月龄~1岁、2~18岁及19岁以上人群中,无疫苗接种史分别为98.49%、71.34%、33.33%和39.77%。2013-2018年,吉林省麻疹实验室共获得麻疹病毒株44株,除1株为疫苗株A基因型,其余均为H1a基因型,自2019年开始未获得麻疹病毒株。结论 2013-2022年吉林省麻疹报告发病率呈逐年下降趋势,但仍需保持2剂次含麻疹类疫苗接种率,同时应加强成人麻疹疫苗接种,加强监测系统灵敏性,防止麻疹疫情暴发。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2020.Methods Through the measles surveillance system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,a national health security information project,the measles incidence data of Jilin Province from 2013 to 2022 were collected,the measles incidence and incidence characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method,while the virus was isolated and the genotype was identified at the same time.Results From 2013 to 2022,3 202 measles cases were reported in Jilin Province,and the reported incidence rates were 0. 57/100 000,9. 88/100 000,0. 71/100 000,0. 32/100 000,0. 12/100 000,0. 13/100 000,0. 13/100 000,0. 05/100 000,0. 05/100 000 and 0. 06/100 000,respectively.By age group,people aged 0 ~ 1,2 ~ 6,7 ~ 18,19 ~ 29,30 ~ 49 and over 50 years accounted for 42. 19%,10. 31%,6. 28%,14. 52%,24. 83% and 1. 87% of all the reported incidence cases,respectively,while among cases aged less than8 months,8 ~ 12 months,2 ~ 18 years and over 19 years,98. 49%,71. 34%,33. 33% and 39. 77% had no vaccination history,respectively. From 2013 to 2018,a total of 44 measles virus strains were obtained in the measles laboratory of Jilin Province,except for one vaccine strain A genotype,the rest were all H1a genotype,and no measles virus strain was obtained since 2019.Conclusion From 2013 to 2022,the reported incidence of measles in Jilin Province showed a downward trend year by year,while there is still a need to maintain the coverage of two doses of vaccination of measles containing vaccine. At the same time,adult measles vaccination should be strengthened,and the sensitivity of surveillance system should be improved to prevent measles outbreaks.

关 键 词：麻疹 流性病学 疫苗接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]