数字化转型对中小银行全要素生产率的影响与机制研究  

A Study on the Impact and Mechanism of Digital Transformation on Total Factor Productivity of Small and Medium-sized Banks

作　　者：王书华 刘慧超 范瑞[2] WANG Shuhua;LIU Huichao;FAN Rui(Institute of Shanxi Merchant Studies,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,TaiYuan 030006,China;School of Finance,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,TaiYuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西财经大学晋商研究院,山西太原030006 [2]山西财经大学金融学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《经济经纬》2023年第4期149-160,共12页Economic Survey

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71303142);山西省高等学校科学研究优秀成果培育项目(2019SK024);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(22YJC790024);山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(2021W072);山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(20200122)。

摘　　要：基于银行数字化转型背景,以2012—2020年我国106家中小银行为样本,在使用SBM-LM模型测得银行全要素生产率,利用银行年报进行文本挖掘测得银行数字化转型指数的基础上,研究银行数字化转型对银行全要素生产率的影响及作用机制。结果显示:数字化转型能够显著提升中小银行全要素生产率,并且因银行的属性、规模等的不同而对其全要素生产率产生异质性影响。数字化转型对股份行全要素生产率的提升作用最强,其次是农商行和城商行;相比小型银行,中型银行由于其规模大、基础好,数字化转型对其影响更大、效果更好。在影响机制方面,中小银行侧重于通过降低固定资产投入成本、提升利息净收入水平和中间业务规模水平以提升全要素生产率。研究结果为更好推动我国中小银行数字化转型,促进银行全要素生产率的提升提供借鉴。Based on the background of bank digital transformation and samples of 106 small and medium-sized banks from 2012 to 2020,this paper empirically tests the impact of bank digital transformation on bank total factor productivity and its mechanism on the basis of using SBM-LM model to measure bank total factor productivity and bank annual report text mining to measure bank digital transformation index.The results show that digital transformation can significantly improve the total factor productivity of small and medium-sized banks.At the same time,digital transformation will have a heterogeneous impact on the total factor productivity of small and medium-sized banks due to their different attributes and scales.digital transformation has the strongest effect on the total factor productivity of joint-stock banks,followed by agricultural and commercial banks and urban commercial banks.In terms of impact mechanism,small and medium-sized banks focus on improving total factor productivity by reducing the input cost of fixed assets,increasing the level of net interest income and the scale of intermediary business.The results results provide ideas and experience for better promoting the digital transformation of small and medium-sized banks and promoting the improvement of total factor productivity of banks.

关 键 词：中小银行 数字化转型 全要素生产率 数字经济 金融科技 

分 类 号：F830[经济管理—金融学]