基于最小数据集的黄淮海旱作区耕层土壤质量评价及障碍分析  

Evaluation and obstacle analysis of cultivated horizon soil quality based on MDS in the dry farming areas of Huang-Huai-Hai Region

作　　者：刘湘君 乔冠宇 郭丰浩 刘冬 李勇 勾宇轩 于茹月 周文涛 黄元仿 LIU Xiangjun;QIAO Guanyu;GUO Fenghao;LIU Dong;LI Yong;GOU Yuxuan;YU Ruyue;ZHOUWentao;HUANG Yuanfang(College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Shandong Land Development Group Co.,Ltd,Jinan 250014,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]山东省土地发展集团有限公司,济南250014 [3]自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京100035

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第12期104-113,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500201)。

摘　　要：为探究黄淮海旱作区耕层土壤质量特征,基于土壤物理、化学及剖面特征,建立黄淮海旱作区耕层土壤质量评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法构建耕层质量评价指标的最小数据集(minimum data set,MDS),结合障碍因子诊断模型揭示黄淮海旱作区耕层土壤质量特征及其障碍因素。结果表明:1)研究区耕层土壤质量评价最小数据集由土壤有机质、土壤阳离子交换量、土壤pH、耕作层厚度、耕作层穿透阻力和耕作层压实度构成,基于最小数据集和全指标数据集的耕层土壤质量指数间显著正相关(R2=0.61,P<0.05),Nash有效系数和相对偏差系数分别为0.601和0.181,表明最小数据集的指标能够代替全部数据集指标对黄淮海旱作区耕层质量进行评价;2)研究区耕层土壤质量总体处于中等水平,质量指数为0.25~0.61;适宜耕层各项指标如下:耕作层厚度不小于17.20 cm,耕作层穿透阻力不大于896.10 kPa,耕作层土壤压实度不大于78.01%,pH值为8.01~9.37,有机质不小于17.87 g/kg,阳离子交换量不小于21.13 cmol/kg;3)黄淮海旱作区存在明显的障碍类型,耕层障碍可分为薄化紧实与养分贫瘠障碍耕层、养分贫瘠耕层、土壤紧实型耕层3类。其中有机质含量低、阳离子交换量低、耕作层压实度过高是黄淮海旱作区耕层质量主要障碍。研究为黄淮海旱作区耕层土壤质量提升和改善提供理论支撑。Cultivated horizon soil quality is one of the most comprehensive indexes to represent soil fertility and production capacity.In this study,a systematic evaluation and obstacle analysis was performed on the cultivated horizon soli quality using a minimum data set(MDS).The study area was located in the dry farming region of Huang-Huai-Hai in the middle of eastern China,which was one of the most important grain-producing areas in China.The samples were collected from May to June 2017.A total of 270 sampling points were set as the stratified sampling of 0-40 cm with 10 cm as each sampling layer.The soil type was considered to determine the quality level of arable land,the cropping system,and the degree of concentrated contiguity.A series of experiments were then carried out to measure each index.A total of17 evaluation indicators were selected to investigate the characteristics of cultivated horizon soil using the soil's physical and chemical properties,as well as the tillage profiles.The soil management framework was used to construct the total data set(TDS).The affiliation function between the indicators and cultivated horizon soil quality was established using the positive and negative effects of each evaluation indicator on cultivated horizon soil quality.The evaluation system of cultivated horizon soil quality was established using principal component analysis(PCA).The multiple indicators were transformed into a small number of indicators using PCA,in order to reduce the dimensionality for the representative independent evaluation indicators in the MDS.The weights of each evaluation indicator were further determined to extract the common factor variance of evaluation indicators.Then the evaluation index systems of TDS and MDS were used to calculate the cultivated horizon soil quality index respectively.Specifically,the cultivated horizon soil quality index served as a comprehensive quantitative description of the condition of cultivated land.The productivity of soil was evaluated to provide a strong reference fo

关 键 词：主成分分析 有机质 土壤 黄淮海旱作区 最小数据集 耕层质量 障碍度 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S282[农业科学—农业基础科学]