社会支持对三亚市不同年龄段老年人健康的影响  

Analysis on Impact of Social Support on the Health of the Elderly in Sanya

作　　者：李曼玲 白曼莫 吴海波[2] LI Manling;BAI Manmo;WU Haibo(Physical Examination Center,Sanya Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Sanya,Hainan,572000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]三亚市中医院体检中心,海南三亚572000 [2]三亚市中医院骨科,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2023年第4期421-425,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：中国民族医药学会科研项目(2020MZ192-240101)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社会支持对三亚市不同年龄段老年人健康的影响,为完善三亚市老年人社会支持对健康影响提供依据。方法采用随机抽样法,于2021年5-10月对三亚市1800名60岁及以上的老年人进行问卷调查,分析社会支持对身体健康、心理健康以及社会适应的影响。结果三亚市老年人社会支持总分为(9.23±0.92)分,总体健康得分为(10.02±0.62)分,老年人总体健康状况较乐观,其中性别为男性、受教育程度高、有伴侣的非空巢老年人总体更为健康(P<0.05)。各维度健康得分为:身体健康得分为(2.79±0.84)分、心理健康得分(3.40±0.74)分、社会适应得分(3.83±0.77)分。社会支持对不同年龄段老年人健康具有显著影响(P<0.05)。其中客观及主观支持对中高龄老年人的健康有显著的正向影响(P<0.01),而社会支持的利用度对低龄老年人健康的影响更显著(P<0.01)。结论社会支持政策对三亚市不同年龄段的老年人具有显著的健康促进效应,政府应根据不同年龄段老年人的数量分布和需求特征,制定适应三亚市当地实际情况的养老支持体系。Objective To explore the impact of social support on the health of the elderly in different age groups in Sanya,and provide evidence for improving the impact of social support on the health of the elderly in Sanya.Methods A random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1800 elderly people over 60 years old in Sanya from May to October 2021 to analyze the impact of social support on physical health,mental health and social adaptation.Results The total score of social support in Sanya city was(9.23±0.92)points,and the overall health score of the elderly was(10.02±0.62)points.The overall health status of the elderly was relatively optimistic.Male,high level of education and the nest elders were generally healthier(P<0.05).The health scores of each dimension were:physical health score(2.79±0.84),mental health score(3.40±0.74),and social adaptation score(3.83±0.77).Social support had a significant impact on the health of the elderly at different ages(P<0.05).Objective and subjective support had a significant positive impact on the health of middle-aged and elderly people(P<0.01),while the utilization of social support had a more significant impact on the health of young-aged elderly(P<0.01).Conclusion Social support policies have significant health-promoting effects on the elderly in different age groups in Sanya city.The government should formulate an elderly care support system that adapts to the actual local conditions of Sanya based on the distribution and demand characteristics of the health of the elderly in different age groups.

关 键 词：社会支持 老年人 健康 LOGISTIC回归 慢性病 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]