基于MaxEnt模型的3种野生牧草西藏地区潜在适生区分析  

Identification of Potential Areas of Three Wild Forages in Tibet Region Based on MaxEnt Model

作　　者：张雪梅[1] 刘涛[1] 任世杰 刘思齐 林长存[1,2] 纪宝明[1,2] ZHANG Xue-mei;LIU Tao;REN Shi-jie;LIU Si-qi;LIN Chang-cun;JI Bao-ming(College of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Grassland Resources and Ecology Research Center,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学草地资源与生态研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第8期2314-2322,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究资助(No.2019QZKK0302-02)资助。

摘　　要：西藏地区草地资源丰富,但利用水平尚待提高,加强野生牧草的适生性分析,对种质资源选育和草地生态畜牧业的发展具有重要意义。高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)、小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra)和紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)是西藏地区广泛分布且品质优良的野生牧草,为探究三种野生牧草在西藏地区分布的主导环境气候因子,利用MaxEnt模型,分析适宜草种混播区域,以期为重要野生牧草资源在西藏地区高寒草地推广种植和人工草地混播提供科学依据。结果表明:高山嵩草最适生长区集中在西藏地区中部,影响其分布的关键环境因子是生长季月平均辐射;小花棘豆最适生区分布在日喀则市中部、山南市西北部和拉萨市,等温性是影响其分布的关键环境因子;紫花针茅在西藏地区分布广泛,影响其分布的关键环境因子是坡度。本研究明确了3种野生牧草混播种植的适生区域,为下一步推广人工草地种植提供理论依据。Grassland resources in Tibet Region are abundant,but the utilization level is yet to be improved.Strengthening the selection and breeding on the germplasm resources of wild forage species is the key to the development of grassland ecological animal husbandry in Tibet Region.Kobresia pygmaea,Oxytropis glabra and Stipa purpurea are widely distributed wild forage species with good quality in Tibet.In order to investigate the dominant environmental and climatic factors for the distribution of the three wild forage species in Tibet,we used the MaxEnt model and analysed the areas suitable for mixed seeding of those species,with a view to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of the planting of important wild forage species in the alpine grassland in Tibet and for the mixed seeding in the artificial grassland.The results showed that:the optimum growth area of K.pygmaea was concentrated in the central part of Tibet and the key factor affecting its distribution was the average monthly radiation during the growing season;the optimum growth area of O.glabra was distributed in the eastern part of Shigatse City,the northwestern part of Shannan City and Lhasa City and isothermality was the key climatic factor affecting its distribution;S.purpurea was widely distributed in Tibet Region,And the key factor influencing its distribution is the slope.This study clarified the suitable areas of three wild forage species to be planted in mixed planting,and provided a theoretical basis for the next step to promote the planting of the species in suitable locations in artificial grassland.

关 键 词：西藏地区 野生牧草 适生区分析 最大熵模型 

分 类 号：Q142.9[生物学—生态学]