西北江三角洲年内水沙特征及其影响因素  

Annual Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment in West River and North River Delta and Their Influencing Factors

作　　者：张泳华 陆永球 ZHANG Yonghua;LU Yongqiu(Foshan Hydrological Branch,Hydrological Bureau of Guangdong Province,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省水文局佛山水文分局,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《人民珠江》2023年第8期43-49,共7页Pearl River

摘　　要：对西北江三角洲马口站和三水站近50 a各月实测水文资料进行年内水沙特征分析,研究表明马口站和三水站各月径流量、输沙量和含沙量表现均为明显的“单峰型”,水沙集中在汛期的6—7月。西北江三角洲水沙在年内集中度高,集中度有减少趋势,集中期基本集中在7月初,略有延后。西北江三角洲水沙年际变化趋势主要受控于汛期变化,并受非汛期一定的调节影响。径流在年际间随降水有一致的变化趋势,但年内水沙集中度受水利工工程影响较大。河道采砂通过改变分流分沙比影响水沙分布。The analysis of annual characteristics of runoff and sediment based on the monthly measured hydrological data of Makou Station and Sanshui Station in the West River and North River delta over the past 50 years.It shows that the monthly runoff,sediment discharge,and sediment concentration of Makou Station and Sanshui Station are obviously of the“unimodal type”,with runoff and sediment concentrated in June and July during the flood season.The annual concentration ratio of runoff and sediment in the West River and North River delta is high with a decreasing trend,while the concentration period is concentrated in early July with a slight delay.The interannual variation trend of runoff and sediment in the West River and North River delta is mainly controlled by the variation of flood season and is affected to some extent by the regulation of the non-flood period.There is a consistent interannual trend of runoff with precipitation,but the annual concentration ratio is more affected by hydraulic engineering.Sand excavation in river channels affects the distribution of runoff and sediment by changing the diversion ratio of runoff and sediment.

关 键 词：年内水沙特征 集中期与集中度法 Mann-Kendall检验法 西北江三角洲 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]