考虑农业需水的龙溪河流域水库群联合调度研究  

Joint Operation of Reservoir Group in Longxi River Basin Considering Agricultural Water Demand

作　　者：陈思 徐炜 赵思琪 殷仕明 杨溢 CHEN Si;XU Wei;ZHAO Siqi;YIN Shiming;YANG Yi(Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Transportation Engineering,Ministry of Education,College of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《人民珠江》2023年第8期50-57,共8页Pearl River

基　　金：三峡后续工作科研项目(SXHXGZ-2021-1);中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(0704203);国家自然科学基金(51609025);石柱县科研项目(20220013)。

摘　　要：中小流域水资源往往不能合理分配,水资源利用率不高。以龙溪河流域5座水库为例,首先构建水文模型,并以六剑滩水文站12年实测径流对模型进行参数率定和验证,NSE可达0.89,R2为0.87,相对误差RE为5.4%,获得到水库区间入库径流过程;其次选取流域玉米、水稻和红薯3种代表作物,构建农作物灌溉需水量模型,采用作物系数法和Penman-Monteith公式计算作物需水量和USDA-SCS法计算有效降水量,获得各水库农业灌溉需水量。最后建立龙溪河水库群综合供水量和发电量最大为目标的水库群联合和单库调度模型,运用逐步优化算法(POA)求解和模糊层次分析法进行方案优选。研究结果表明:联合调度比单库调度更能够平衡上下游水库水资源分配,减少弃水量,提高发电效益和供水保证率。Water resources in small-and medium-sized basins are often not reasonably allocated,and the utilization rate of water resources is not high.In this paper,five reservoirs in the Longxi River Basin are taken as an example.Firstly,the hydrological model is constructed,and the parameters of the model are calibrated and verified by the 12-year measured runoff of Liujiantan Hydrological Station.The NSE can reach 0.89,the R 2 is 0.87,and the relative error(RE)is 5.4%.The inflow process to the reservoir interval is obtained.Secondly,three representative crops of corn,rice,and sweet potato in the basin are selected to construct the reservoir irrigation water demand model.The crop coefficient method and Penman-Monteith formula are adopted to calculate the crop water demand and the USDA-SCS method was used to calculate the effective precipitation.Finally,the joint and single reservoir operation models of the Longxihe reservoir group to maximize the comprehensive water supply and power generation are built,and the POA solution and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process are utilized to optimize the scheme.The results show that the joint operation is more capable to balance the distribution of water resources between upstream and downstream reservoirs,improve the power generation efficiency and water supply guarantee rate,and reduce the amount of abandoned water than the single reservoir operation.

关 键 词：PENMAN-MONTEITH 作物灌溉需水量 SWAT 联合调度 POA 

分 类 号：TV697.12[水利工程—水利水电工程]