西藏地区血液集中化检测核酸筛查数据的回顾性分析  

Centralized blood nucleic acid test data in Tibet:a retrospective analysis

作　　者：李晓娟[1] 杨泞菲 毛瑞 达瓦次仁 仁增旺加 李玉江 日巴益西 多吉 LI Xiaojuan;YANG Ningfei;MAO Rui;Dawaciren;Renzengwangjia;LI Yujiang;Ribayixi;Duoji(Blood Center of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China;Hospital Laboratory,Chengdu Office,Tibet Autonomous Region People′s Government;Xi′an Children′s Hospital;Ngari Central Blood Station;Shigatse Central Blood Station;Nyingchi Central Blood Station;Shannan Central Blood Station;Naqu Central Blood Station)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区血液中心,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院 [3]西安市儿童医院 [4]阿里地区中心血站 [5]日喀则市中心血站 [6]林芝市中心血站 [7]山南市中心血站 [8]那曲市中心血站

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2023年第8期724-727,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的通过对西藏地区6家血站无偿献血者血清学和核酸筛查数据的回顾性分析,探讨核酸检测对降低区域范围感染性输血风险的作用。方法对2018—2022年38718份来自西藏血液中心、山南、日喀则、那曲、林芝、阿里地区中心血站无偿献血者血液标本进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗原和抗体(HIV Ag/Ab1+2)酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)血清学测定,同时采用浩源、达安核酸检测系统对HBV DNA、HCV RNA、HIV RNA进行单人份三项联合检测,统计分析血清学3项ELISA反应性标本核酸检测结果。结果西藏地区5年共检出178份ELISA-/NAT+标本,其中HBV DNA反应性170份、HCV RNA反应性8份、HIV RNA反应性0份,检出率为0.460%;624份ELISA+/NAT+标本,检出率1.61%;日喀则地区献血者乙肝检出人群年龄[(41.25±5.77)岁]稍高于其他地区(P<0.05)。结论西藏血液中心开展病毒核酸集中化检测,有效降低全区输血相关传染病的漏检,保障了地区的血液安全。Objective To retrospectively analyze the serological and nucleic acid testing(NAT)data of voluntary blood donors from six blood banks in Tibet,in order to explore the positive impact of NAT on reducing the risk of infective transfusion in a regional scope.Methods From 2018 to 2022,38718 voluntary blood donors from blood centers of Tibet,Shannan,Shigatse,Naqu,Nyingchi and Ngari were tested for hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV),human immunodeficiency virus antigen(HIV)and antibody(Ag/Ab1+2)serological determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).At the same time,Haoyuan and Daan nucleic acid detection systems were used for the combined detection of HBV-DNA,HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA.The results of NAT of reactive ELISA samples were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 178 ELISA-/NAT+samples were detected in Tibet over the past five years,including 170 HBV-DNA positive cases,8 HCV-RNA positive cases,and 0 HIV-RNA positive cases,with the positive rate at 0.460%.The detection rate of 624 ELISA+/NAT+samples was 1.61%.The age of blood donors with hepatitis B in Shigatse area was slightly higher than that in other areas,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The centralized detection of viral nucleic acid in Blood Center of Tibet Autonomous Region can effectively reduce the missed detection of transfusion transmitted diseases and guarantee the blood safety in the region.

关 键 词：集中化检测 核酸检测 血液安全 西藏地区 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446[医药卫生—临床医学]