2012—2022年四川省职业病发病情况分析  

The incidence of occupational diseases in Sichuan,2012-2021

作　　者：商维维[1] 阴旅宁 杜利利[1] 邱乐平[1] SHANG Wei-wei;YIN Lv-ning;DU Li-li;QIU Le-ping(Sichuan Center of Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu,Sichuan 610044,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第16期2926-2930,2999,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技厅(2021JDR0338)。

摘　　要：目的分析四川省职业病发病特征和趋势,为职业病防治政策的制定提供相关依据。方法收集“中国疾病预防控制中心职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”中2012—2022年四川省确诊的职业病新病例数据,采用SPSS 26.0进行统计分析。结果四川省2012—2022年共报告新发职业病32827例,其中尘肺病31047例,占94.58%;噪声聋966例,占2.94%;职业中毒497例,占1.51%。职业病病例在乐山、巴中和达州等市分布最多,行业类别以采矿业、建筑业和制造业为主。2022年全省报告新发职业病病例数比2012年下降73.5%,其中尘肺病降幅达76.1%。结论四川省职业病高发势头得到初步遏制,尘肺病新发病例数显著下降(χ^(2)=414.001,P<0.05),噪声聋有增长趋势(χ^(2)=491.926,P<0.05),应制定分类监督管理办法,重点加强对采矿业、制造业、建筑业以及中小型企业的职业病防治工作。Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of occupational disease incidence in Sichuan Province,and to provide relevant basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.Methods The data of new cases of occupational diseases diagnosed in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2022 in the"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System"were collected and statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0.Results A total of 32827 new occupational diseases were reported in Sichuan Province from 2012 to 2022,including 31047 cases of pneumoconiosis,accounting for 94.58%,966 cases(2.94%)of noise deafness and 497 cases(1.51%)of occupational poisoning.The distribution of occupational disease cases was highest in cities such as Leshan,Bazhong,and Dazhou,with the main industry categories being mining,construction,and manufacturing.The number of newly reported occupational disease cases in the province in 2022 decreased by 73.5% compared to 2012,with a decrease of 76.1% in pneumoconiosis.Conclusion The high incidence of occupational diseases in Sichuan Province has been preliminarily curbed,with a significant decrease in the number of new cases of pneumoconiosis(χ^(2)=414.001,P<0.05)and an increasing trend in noise deafness(χ^(2)=491.926,P<0.05).Therefore,classified supervision and management measures should be formulated,with a focus on strengthening the prevention and control of occupational diseases in the mining,manufacturing,construction,and small and medium-sized enterprises.

关 键 词：职业病 尘肺 噪声聋 职业中毒 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]