云南少数民族地区学龄儿童眼轴和角膜曲率半径分布及相关因素研究  

The distribution andassociated factors of axial length and corneal radius of curvature among ethnic minority school-aged children,Yunnan

作　　者：肖洁 常利涛[2] 李佩谦 郑波 谢雪妮 张金娇 马子雪 李茜茜 罗筱 黄莹 XIAO Jie;CHANG Li-tao;LI Pei-qian;ZHENG Bo;XIE Xue-ni;ZHANG Jin-jiao;MA Zi-xue;LI Qian-qian;LUO Xiao;HUANG Ying(School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心 [3]勐海县第一小学

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第16期2957-2964,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81960593)。

摘　　要：目的探讨云南少数民族地区学龄儿童眼轴和角膜曲率半径分布及相关因素,为少数民族地区正视化及近视化过程提供参考依据。方法采用横断面研究对1774名学龄儿童进行问卷调查及眼球生物学参数测量。结果1774名学龄儿童中平均眼轴为(23.8±1.03)mm,平均角膜曲率半径为(7.84±0.26)mm。多元线性回归方程结果提示性别女(b=-0.093,95%CI:-0.142~-0.045)、年龄(10~12岁b=0.212,95%CI:0.150~0.273;13~15岁b=0.328,95%CI:0.259~0.397)、民族(纳西族b=-0.082,95%CI:-0.155~-0.008)、屈光状态(远视b=-0.335,95%CI:-0.444~-0.226;轻度近视b=0.382,95%CI:0.326~0.439;中高度近视b=1.386,95%CI:1.305~1.467)、父母近视(父母一方近视b=-0.056,95%CI:0.002~0.109;父母均近视b=0.164,95%CI:0.081~0.248)、课间时户外活动(b=-0.064,95%CI:-0.116~-0.012)、角膜曲率半径(b=2.121,95%CI:2.018~2.224)、前房深度(b=1.671,95%CI:1.559~1.783)影响眼轴长度(P值均<0.05)。同时多元线性回归方程结果提示性别女(b=-0.020,95%CI:-0.039~-0.001)、年龄(10~12岁b=-0.064,95%CI:-0.088~-0.041;13~15岁b=-0.080,95%CI:-0.105~-0.055)、民族(纳西族b=0.071,95%CI:0.042~0.099;白族b=0.037,95%CI:0.006~0.068;傣族b=-0.032,95%CI:-0.058~-0.006;其他民族b=0.061,95%CI:0.018~0.104)、屈光状态(远视b=0.078,95%CI:0.035~0.121;轻度近视b=-0.107,95%CI:-0.130~-0.085;中高度近视b=-0.342,95%CI:-0.379~-0.305)、眼轴(b=0.178,95%CI:0.165~0.190)、中央角膜厚度(b=0.001,95%CI:0.001~0.001)、角膜直径(b=0.099,95%CI:0.076~0.123)影响角膜曲率半径大小(P值均<0.05)。结论云南少数民族地区学龄儿童中眼轴及角膜曲率大小均存在民族差异,眼轴长度民族间差异敏感性较角膜曲率半径大;从年龄上看,低年龄段各民族间眼轴差异更显著,提示今后研究中应更关注低年龄段及不同民族间的民族特性。Objective To explore the distribution and associated factors of axial length and corneal radius of curvature of school-aged children in ethnic minority areas in Yunnan,and to provide a reference for the process of emmetropia and myopia in ethnic minority areas.Methods In a cross-sectional study,1774 school-aged children were investigated by questionnaire and ocular biological parameters.Results The mean axial length was(23.81±1.03)mm and the mean corneal radius of curvature was(7.84±0.26)mm in 1774 school-aged children.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender(b=-0.093,95%CI:-0.142--0.045),age(10 to 12 years old b=0.212,95%CI:0.150-0.273;13 to 15 years old b=0.328,95%CI:0.259-0.397),ethnicity(Naxi b=-0.082,95%CI:-0.155--0.008),refractive status(hyperopia b=-0.335,95%CI:-0.444--0.226;low myopia b=0.382,95%CI:0.326-0.439;moderate and high myopia b=1.386,95%CI:1.305-1.467),myopia of parents(1 parent with myopiab=-0.056,95%CI:0.002-0.109;2 parent with myopia b=0.164,95%CI:0.081-0.248),outdoor activities during recess(b=-0.064,95%CI:-0.116--0.012),corneal radius of curvature(b=2.121,95%CI:2.018-2.224),anterior chamber depth(b=1.671,95%CI:1.559-1.783)affected axial length(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender(b=-0.020,95%CI:-0.039--0.001),age(10 to 12 years old b=-0.064,95%CI:-0.088--0.041;13 to 15 years old b=-0.080,95%CI:-0.105--0.055),ethnicity(Naxi b=0.071,95%CI:0.042-0.099;Bai b=0.037,95%CI:0.006-0.068;Dai b=-0.032,95%CI:-0.058--0.006;other ethnic b=0.061,95%CI:0.018-0.104),refractive status(hyperopia b=0.078,95%CI:0.035-0.121;low myopia b=-0.107,95%CI:-0.130--0.085;Moderate and high myopia b=-0.342,95%CI:-0.379--0.305),axial length(b=0.178,95%CI:0.165-0.190)、central corneal thickness(b=0.001,95%CI:0.001-0.001),orneal diameter(b=0.099,95%CI:0.076-0.123)affected corneal radius of curvature(all P<0.05).Conclusion The axial length and corneal radius of curvature of school-aged children have ethnic differences in ethnic minority areas in Yunnan,and the sensitivity of the a

关 键 词：学龄儿童 近视 眼轴 角膜曲率半径 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]