油菜素内酯引发对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Brassinolide Priming on Growth and Growth Characteristics of Rice Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：尚秉琛 何昊 李丹丹 杨书运[1] 蒋跃林[1,3] SHANG Bingchen;HE Hao;LI Dandan;YANG Shuyun;JIANG Yuelin(College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Hefei Agricultural Environmental Science Observation and Experimental Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044 [3]农业农村部合肥农业环境科学观测实验站,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第4期795-805,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD3000905)。

摘　　要：【目的】水稻(Oryza sativa L.)作为我国主要的粮食作物之一,在日益增长的盐渍化风险下,种植安全受到了严重的威胁。油菜素内脂(brassinosteroid,BR)是一种天然植物激素,可促进细胞的生长与分裂,增强光合作用。因此,探究BR引发对盐胁迫下水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,选取最适BR浓度,为应对盐碱地对水稻生产安全的制约具有重要意义。【方法】以皖稻34为供试材料。利用100 mmol/L的NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫,设置浓度分别为0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0 mg/L的BR溶液对水稻种子进行引发,以未引发无盐胁迫处理作为对照1(CK),未引发有盐胁迫处理作为对照2(S-CK),测量水稻种子发芽指标以及根苗生长情况,并监测水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性、糖代谢指标和叶绿素含量。【结果】盐胁迫下水稻生长受到明显抑制,与CK相比水稻种子发芽率,发芽势,发芽指数和活力指数分别降低12.93%、49.13%、39.69%、59.73%;水稻幼苗鲜重和苗长分别降低29.62%、28.60%。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性受到不同程度的抑制,阻碍了叶绿素的合成,然而增加了丙二醛、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量,并提高了蔗糖磷酸合成酶(sucrose phosphate synthase,SPS)、蔗糖合成酶(sucrose synthase,SS)活性;与S-CK相比,利用BR引发显著提高水稻种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等发芽指标(P<0.05),促进根系幼苗的生长,提高叶绿素a(50.67%)、叶绿素b含量(59.12%),降低了水稻叶片中丙二醛含量(13.61%~22.80%),增加水稻幼苗叶片可溶性糖含量(26.52%~37.51%)、脯氨酸含量(8.84%~21.40%),提高抗氧化酶以及蔗糖代谢酶活性。【结论】BR引发可有效维持水稻正常的光合作用以及相关蔗糖代谢,缓解渗透压并降低膜脂过氧化带来的损伤,提升水稻幼苗抗盐性,其中以1.0 mg/L浓度效果最佳。选取1.0 mg/L浓度BR进行[Objective]Rice(Oryza sativa L.),one of the staple food crops in China,is under serious threat of cultivation safety under the increasing risk of salinization.Brassinosteroid(BR),a natural plant hormone,promotes cell growth and division and enhances photosynthesis.Therefore,it is significant to investigate the effect of BR triggering of oleuropein lactone(Brassinosteroid,BR)on seed germination and seedling growth of rice under salt stress,and to select the optimum BR concentration for coping with the constraints of saline land on rice production safety.[Method]Wandao 34 was used as the test material.100 mmol/L NaCl solution was set to simulate salt stress,BR solutions with concentrations of 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 and 3.0 mg/L were set to initiate rice seeds,with the uninitiated salt stress-free treatment as control 1(CK)and the uninitiated salt stress treatment as control 2(S-CK).The germination index of rice seeds and the growth of root seedlings were measured,and the antioxidant enzyme activity,sugar metabolism index and chlorophyll content of rice seedlings were monitored.[Result]The results showed that the growth of rice was significantly inhibited under salt stress,and the germination rate,germination potential,germination index and vigour index of rice seeds were reduced by 12.93%,49.13%,39.69%and 59.73%,respectively,compared with CK;the fresh weight and seedling length of rice seedlings were reduced by 29.62%and 28.60%,respectively.Superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)activities were inhibited to various degrees and chlorophyll synthesis was hindered,However,the contents of malondialdehyde,soluble sugar and proline were increased,and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)and sucrose synthase(SS)were increased;compared with S-CK,the use of BR triggered a significant increase(P<0.05)in the germination indexes of rice seeds,including germination rate,germination potential,germination index and vigor index,and promoted root seedling It increased chlorophyll a(50.67%)and chlorophyll

关 键 词：油菜素内酯 种子引发 水稻 盐胁迫 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]