不同水文年型下盐胁迫对白茎盐生草生长的影响  

Effect of Salt Stress on Growth of Halogeton arachnoideus under Different Hydrological Years

作　　者：刘巧玲 赵广兴 李王成[1,2,3] 贾振江 安文举 张欣 刘嘉斌 LIU Qiaoling;ZHAO Guangxing;LI Wangcheng;JIA Zhenjiang;AN Wenju;ZHANG Xin;LIU Jiabin(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Yinchuan 750021,China;Suide Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station of Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]省部共建西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [4]黄河水土保持绥德治理监督局(绥德水土保持科学试验站),陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第4期983-993,共11页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52169010);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900600);宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2021AAC02008);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2019BEH03010);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：【目的】为明晰白茎盐生草在典型干旱区适宜生长的最佳水盐条件和耐盐阈值。【方法】采用室外桶栽控制试验,以当地土壤盐浓度3.2 g/kg(S1)为对照,分别设置4.5 g/kg(S2)、6 g/kg(S3)、10 g/kg(S4)、14 g/kg(S5)、18 g/kg(S6)和22 g/kg(S7)的土壤盐浓度,共7个盐分水平,研究特丰水年(W3)、平水年(W2)、特枯水年(W1)下不同程度盐胁迫对白茎盐生草不同生育期的生长特征、生理变化和生物量的影响。【结果】(1)土壤含盐量为14 g/kg以上时白茎盐生草将无法萌发及生长。(2)不同生育期白茎盐生草对水分和盐分胁迫响应的敏感性不同,水盐胁迫对其生长期的影响高于成熟期。生长期时,水分和盐分对其生长生理等指标均产生显著的影响(P<0.05),水盐交互作用对肉质化、叶片保水力、叶片相对含水量和质膜相对透性影响显著,但成熟期水盐交互作用对白茎盐生草的生理生长无显著的影响。(3)水分主要影响白茎盐生草的生理特征,而盐分对其生理生长特征均有显著的影响。在水分和盐分胁迫的交互作用下,白茎盐生草主要通过增大肉质化程度和质膜相对透性,降低叶片保水力和生物量等应对逆境。(4)由白茎盐生草地上鲜重和土壤盐分的回归方程(y=107.36+5.54x-0.92x^(2),R^(2)=0.97)求解得出,白茎盐生草的耐盐阈值为10.98 g/kg。白茎盐生草的耐盐生长综合评价模型结果显示,各处理按生长指标的隶属函数平均值从大到小排序依次为:W2S2(0.82),W3S2(0.78),W2S1(0.77),W3S1(0.72),W3S3(0.71),W2S3(0.67),W2S4(0.54),W1S2(0.38),W3S4(0.36),W1S1(0.34),W1S3(0.20),W1S4(0.13)。【结论】平水年下4.5 g/kg的土壤盐浓度(W2S2)是白茎盐生草的生长最佳水盐条件,且白茎盐生草属于耐盐能力强的植物,可用于盐碱地的改良和生态脆弱区的植被恢复。[Objective]This study aims to clarify the optimal water and salt conditions and salt tolerance threshold for the suitable growth of Halogeton arachnoideus in typical arid areas.[Methods]A controlled outdoor bucket planting experiment was conducted with a local soil salt concentration of 3.2 g/kg(S1)as the control and the concentration level of 4.5 g/kg(S2),6 g/kg(S3),10 g/kg(S4),14 g/kg(S5),18 g/kg(S6)and 22 g/kg(S7)were set respectively.The effects of different levels of salt stress on the growth characteristics,physiological changes,and biomass characteristics of H.arachnoideus at different reproductive stages were investigated at seven salinity levels in high-flow yea(W3),normal-flow year(W2),and low-flow year(W1).[Results](1)the soil salt content of 14 g/kg or above prevented the germination and growth of H.arachnoideus.(2)The sensitivity of H.arachnoideus to water and salt stress differed in different reproductive stages,and the effect of water and salt stress was higher in the growing stage than in the maturing stage.During the growth period,water and salt had significant effects(P<0.05)on the growth and physiology of H.arachnoideus,and water-salt interaction had significant effects on fleshing,leaf water retention,leaf relative water content and relative permeability of the plasma membrane,however,the interaction had no significant effect on the physiological growth of H.arachnoideus at maturity.(3)Water mainly affected the physiological characteristics of H.arachnoideus,while salt had a significant effect on both physiological growth characteristics.Under the interaction of water and salinity stress,H.arachnoideus mainly responded to the adversity by increasing the degree of fleshing and relative permeability of the plasma membrane as well as reducing the water retention capacity and biomass of the leaves(.4)Based on the regression equation(y=107.36+5.54x-0.92x^(2),R^(2)=0.97)between fresh weight and soil salinity,the salt tolerance threshold of Halogeton fulgens was 10.98 g/kg.The results of the comprehe

关 键 词：水文年型 耐盐阈值 综合评价 白茎盐生草 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]