新旧气候平均值更替对陕西气候业务的影响  

Influence of Climatic Mean Value Change on Shaanxi Climatic Operation

作　　者：梁茹雪 李茜[1,2] 张丽君 LIANG Ruxue;LI Qian;ZHANG Lijun(Shaanxi Province Climate Center,Xi'an 710014,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Meteorology for the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau/Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau,Xi'an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省气候中心,陕西西安710014 [2]陕西省气象局/秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2023年第4期111-117,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JQ-990);陕西省气象局秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室2021年度面上基金课题(2021G-1);中国气象局2023年复盘总结专项(FPZJ2023-131)。

摘　　要：利用1991—2020和1981—2010年陕西99个国家气象站月、季、年的气温、降水量平均值资料,对2个气候平均值进行对比分析。结果表明:陕西省的平均气温一致增加,春季增幅最大(平均0.5℃),秋季增幅最小(平均0.2℃),关中增幅整体大于陕北和陕南。降水量变化存在较大的空间和时间差异,空间上主要表现为夏季降水的北增南减(陕北增加,关中和陕南减少)和秋季降水的全省一致增加,时间上各区域降水量表现出明显的季节内尺度变化特征。气候平均值改变后,3月气温评价等级整体由偏高向偏低方向调整,11月降水评价等级整体由偏多向偏少方向调整。暖冬年份减少,冷冬年份增加。在新气候平均值下,气温、降水、季节等级等气候评价结果需要重新评估。Based on the monthly,seasonal,and annual average data of 99 meteorological stations in Shaanxi province,a comparison was made between two climatic normals during 1991-2020 and 1981-2010.The results showed that:yearly,seasonal and monthly temperature increased in all parts of Shaanxi,and the increase in Guanzhong was much more in northern and southern Shaanxi.Most areas showed the largest increase in spring with the mean value 0.5 ℃,and the smallest increase in autumn with the mean value 0.2 ℃.There were two main types of distribution of precipitation change,increase in northern Shaanxi and decrease in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi in summer,and coincident increase in all the region in autumn.Besides,precipitations in each region showed obvious intraseasonal scale variation characteristic.After climatic mean value changes,the grades of temperature in March and precipitation in November were both adjusted from positive to negative,and warm winter years decreased,while cold winter years increased.Thus,the grades of temperature,precipitation need to be reconsidered under the new climatic normal.

关 键 词：气候平均值 气候评价 气候变化 陕西 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]