苜蓿叶粉替代豆粕对母猪血清抗氧化水平、免疫功能及繁殖性能的影响  

Effects of replacing soybean meal with alfalfa leaf meal on serum antioxidant level,immune function and reproductive performance of sows

作　　者：杨旭[1] 马季祥 皇甫卫康 卢家顶 牛家宽 张喜喜 栗守仁 曹仕僖 王志昌 史莹华[1,2,3] YANG Xu;MA Jixiang;HUANGFU Weikang;LU Jiading;NIU Jiakuan;ZHANG Xixi;LI Shouren;CAO Shixi;WANG Zhichang;SHI Yinghua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources of Henan,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Forage Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省草地资源创新与利用重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [3]河南省草业工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2023年第4期615-622,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-34);河南省优质饲草与动物健康科技创新团队项目(22IRTSTHN022);郑州市科技惠民计划项目(2021KJHM0036)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究苜蓿叶粉替代豆粕成为新型蛋白质饲料原料的潜力,减少蛋白质资源不足对中国养猪业发展的限制。【方法】选取30头妊娠63 d的初产母猪,按照各个试验组体况良好、背膘厚度基本一致的原则随机分为对照组(control group,CTRL)和苜蓿叶粉组(alfalfa leaf meal,ALM),每组15个重复,每个重复1头母猪,饲喂至母猪转入产房舍,预试期7 d。而后采集母猪妊娠85、105 d血清样品,分娩时记录产仔数据。【结果】1)与对照组相比,苜蓿叶粉显著降低了妊娠85 d母猪血清丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)浓度,显著提高了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)酶活,妊娠105 d时苜蓿叶粉组母猪血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、GSH-Px酶活极显著提高,血清活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)浓度极显著降低。2)与对照组相比,妊娠105 d母猪血清中辅助性T细胞(helper T cell,CD4^(+))/细胞毒性T细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CD8^(+))值显著提高,妊娠85、105 d苜蓿叶粉组母猪血清CD8^(+)质量浓度极显著降低。3)苜蓿叶粉组母猪繁殖性能得到改善,初生窝质量及初生窝均质量显著提高。4)相关性分析结果表明,血清SOD酶活同繁殖性能的改善具有显著正相关关系,血清ROS浓度同繁殖性能具有显著负相关关系。【结论】苜蓿叶粉能够提高妊娠后期母猪血清抗氧化水平、免疫功能,改善母猪繁殖性能,苜蓿叶粉替代妊娠母猪饲粮豆粕具有可行性,在母猪生产中能够发展成为新型饲粮蛋白源。【Objective】In order to explore the feasible potential of alfalfa leaf meal as a new protein feed raw material instead of soybean meal and reduce the limitation of insufficient protein resources on the development of pig industry in China.【Method】30 primiparous sows on 63 d day of gestation were selected and randomly divided into control group(CTRL)and alfalfa leaf meal group(ALM),15 replicates per group,one sow per replicate,according to the principle of similar body appearance.All sows had free access to diet and water during the entire experimental period.The pre-test period was 7 days.The serum samples were collected from sows on 85 and 105 d of gestation,and the farrowing performance of the sows was recorded during farrowing.【Result】1)Compared with CTRL,ALM significantly decreased the concentration of serum MDA but significantly increased the enzyme activities of serum GSH-Px and in sows at 85 d of gestation;ALM significantly increased the enzyme activities of serum SOD and GSH-Px and significantly decreased the concentration of serum ROS in sows at 105 d of gestation.2)Compared with CTRL,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)value of serum in sows on 105 d of gestation was significantly increased,while the mass concentration of serum CD8^(+)of sows in ALM on 85 d and 105 d of gestation was extremely significantly decreased.【Conclusion】In summary,ALM could improve the serum antioxidant level,immune function and reproductive performance of sows in late pregnancy.It was proved that ALM was feasible to replace soybean meal in pregnant sows,and can be developed as a new dietary protein source for pregnant sows.

关 键 词：苜蓿叶粉 妊娠母猪 抗氧化水平 免疫功能 繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S816[农业科学—畜牧兽医]