堤坝白蚁习性规律及其生物防治技术研究进展  

Advances in rules of living habits and technologies of biological control on termites in dams and embankments

作　　者：黄求应[1] 李刚华 刘龙 高勇勇 徐焕 孙鹏东 贾豹 张峰 陈龙佳 李明伟 向亚红 雷朝亮[1] Huang Qiuying;Li Ganghua;Liu Long;Gao Yongyong;Xu Huan;Sun Pengdong;Jia Bao;Zhang Feng;Chen Longjia;Li Mingwei;Xiang Yahong;Lei Chaoliang

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北师范大学生命科学学院,黄石435002 [3]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450046 [4]延安大学生命科学学院,延安716000 [5]湖北省水利厅大坝安全监测与白蚁防治中心,武汉430064 [6]湖北水总水利水电建设股份有限公司,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国水利》2023年第15期54-59,53,共7页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32170500);青年项目(31601891、32200390);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-QN-0204和2023-JC-QN-0205)。

摘　　要：白蚁是危害堤坝工程的重要害虫,其破坏过程隐蔽,一旦出险会给人民生命和财产安全带来巨大威胁。堤坝白蚁属于社会性昆虫,其生物学特征与其他昆虫显著不同,主要表现在蚁后多年大量繁殖后代,工蚁群体持续筑巢、掘道和觅食,由此形成的空腔体系对堤坝安全造成重大威胁。介绍了堤坝白蚁的习性,对其繁育生物学特征、觅食策略和定向行为机制进行了阐述。根据堤坝白蚁的繁育结构、觅食和定向特点,概述了昆虫致病真菌侵染堤坝白蚁巢群的过程及其在白蚁生物防治中的应用。Termites are important insect pests damaging dams and embankments.Their destructive process is concealed and difficult to detect.Once a safety hazard forms,it can result in significant threats to both human life and property.Termites in dams and embankments are social insects and their biological characteristics are significantly different from the other solitary insects.The main differences are that the termite queens can reproduce prolifically for many years,while worker termites continue to build nests,excavate tunnels,and forage,This paper explores the characteristics of breeding biology,foraging strategy and the mechanism of orientation behavior of the termites in dams and embankments.Based on the characteristics of breeding structure,foraging and orientation behaviors of termites in dams and dikes,we outline the process of entomopathogenic fungi infecting termites in dams and dikes and its application in the biological control of termite pests.

关 键 词：繁育结构 觅食策略 磁定向 昆虫致病真菌 白蚁生物防治 

分 类 号：TV698.236[水利工程—水利水电工程]