知识产权质押融资风险补偿机制——基于规范性文件的实证分析  

Legal Research on Risk Compensation Mechanism of Intellectual Property Pledge Financing——Analysis Based on the Normative Text

作　　者：邓敏贞 DENG Minzhen(School of Law,South China Normal University,Guagnzhou 510261,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学法学院,广东广州510261

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期121-134,共14页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划2021年度羊城青年学人课题“广州进一步推进新产业新业态监管创新研究”(2021GZQN10)。

摘　　要：知识产权质押融资风险补偿是通过为合作银行发放的知识产权质押逾期贷款提供风险补偿,来降低银行放贷风险,缓解中小微企业融资难的困境,助推实体经济发展。风险补偿基金具有正外部性与准公共物品属性,应由政府或政府与市场合作设立。自2015年国家以中央财政资金开启知识产权质押融资风险补偿基金试点工作以来,试点地区先后出台了配套规范性文件,但从已出台的诸多法律文本来看,存在风险分担不明确、责任与追偿机制不明晰等问题。未来可采取“省+市”联动立法方式,由省人大或政府出台地方性法规或者规章的形式,明晰知识产权质押融资风险补偿机制基本流程,市级根据地方实际制定相应细则。就具体运作而言,应进一步拓宽资金来源渠道,提高基金的运行水平,引入多元主体参与,完善责任分摊与追偿机制,加强对基金的管理与风险防控,健全相关配套措施,以更好地发挥财政资金的引导与激励效应,优化中小微企业的融资营商环境。The intellectual property pledge financing risk compensation fund is to provide risk compensation for overdue intellectual property pledge loans issued by cooperative banks to reduce bank lending risks,alleviate the financing difficulties of small,medium and micro enterprises,and promote the development of the real economy.It has the attributes of positive externality and quasi public goods,and it should be established by the government or the government and the market.Since China started the pilot work of the intellectual property pledge financing risk compensation fund with central financial funds in 2015,the pilot areas have successively issued supporting normative documents.However,from the many normative texts that have been introduced,there are issues such as unclear risk sharing,unclear responsibility and recovery mechanisms.In the future,“provincial+municipal”joint legislation mode can be adopted,in the form of local regulations or rules issued by the provincial People's Congress or the government,to clarify the basic process of the intellectual property pledge financing risk compensation mechanism,and the municipal level will formulate corresponding rules according to local actual conditions.In terms of specific operation,it is necessary to further broaden the source of funds,improve the operation level of the fund,introduce the participation of multiple subjects,improve the responsibility allocation and recovery mechanism,strengthen the management of the fund and risk prevention and control,and improve the relevant supporting measures,so as to better exert the guidance and incentive effect of financial funds and optimize the financing and business environment of small and medium-sized enterprises.

关 键 词：知识产权 质押 风险补偿机制 风险补偿基金 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学] F204