分析无偿献血者乙型肝炎病毒酶免检测和核酸检测的检测结果  

The results of enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection of hepatitis B virus in unpaid blood donors were analyzed

作　　者：双莉华 黄康 吴晨 SHUANG Lihua;HUANG Kang;WU Chen(Department of Quality Management,Fuzhou Central Blood Station,Fuzhou,Jiangxi,344000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省抚州市中心血站质管科,江西抚州344000

出　　处：《当代医学》2023年第2期178-180,共3页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析无偿献血者乙型肝炎病毒酶免检测和核酸检测的检测结果。方法随机抽选2020年1—8月本站200份无偿献血样本作为研究对象。对献血样本实施乙型肝炎病毒酶免检验,如两类酶免检验结果均为阳性,可确诊乙肝;如发现单个检验结果为阳性,则需实施复检,如复检结果确认为阳性或灰区,则为异常样本,进行核酸检测,分析上述两种检验方法的检测结果,并比较两种检验方法在乙肝病毒检验中的检测效能。结果200份血液标本检测结果显示,酶免及核酸检测后均出现6份阳性,占比3.00%;酶免及核酸检测后的阴性结果均为186份,占比93.00%。酶免阳性的血液样本共13份,核酸阳性的血液样本7份,酶免与核酸均呈阳性的血液样本6份,占比30.00%。将5作为S/CO值的分界点,酶免与核酸检测结果比较差异无统计学意义。结论酶免检测或核酸检测均可实现对献血样本乙型肝炎病毒的有效筛查,但为降低漏检的风险,需在无偿献血者的血液筛查活动中联合使用酶免与核酸检测,以进一步提高血液样本检测的准确性。Objective To analyze the results of enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection of hepatitis B virus in unpaid blood donors.Methods 200 voluntary blood donation samples from January to August 2020 were randomly selected as the research subjects.Hepatitis B virus enzyme immunoassay was performed on blood donation samples.If both types of enzyme immunoassay results were positive,hepatitis B virus could be diagnosed;If a single test result is found to be positive,a re-examination is required,if the re-examination result is confirmed as positive or gray area,it is an abnormal sample for nucleic acid detection,the detection results of the above two test methods are analyzed,and the detection efficiency of the two test methods in hepatitis B virus test is compared.Results The results of 200 blood samples showed that 6 were positive after enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection,accounting for 3.00%,the negative results after enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection were 186,accounting for 93.00%.There were 13 blood samples with positive enzyme immunoassay,7 blood samples with positive nucleic acid detection,and 6 blood samples with positive enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection,accounting for 30.00%.Using 5 as the cut-off point of S/CO value,there was no significant difference between the results of enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection.Conclusion Enzyme immunoassay or nucleic acid detection can achieve effective screening of hepatitis B virus in blood donation samples,however,in order to reduce the risk of missed detection,it is necessary to combine enzyme immunoassay and nucleic acid detection in blood screening activities of voluntary blood donors to further improve the accuracy of blood sample detection.

关 键 词：无偿献血 HBV 酶免检测 核酸检测 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]