热水锅炉回燃室前管板开裂原因剖析  

Analysis on the Causes of Cracking in the Front Tube Plate of the Reburning Chamber of a Hot Water Boiler

作　　者：付磊 FU Lei

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区特种设备检测所,北京市100083

出　　处：《化工装备技术》2023年第4期42-45,共4页Chemical Equipment Technology

摘　　要：目前,海淀区的承压工业锅炉以燃气锅壳锅炉为主。相对于别的锅炉,该类型的锅炉有节能环保、热效率高、积小等特点。管板裂纹是影响该锅炉安全运行的主要原因。对一起热水锅炉回燃室前管板裂纹事故进行分析,采用超声波测厚、垢样分析、无损探伤、金相分析和硬度检测,得出了管板产生裂纹的原因。要保证锅炉安全运行,最主要的是控制好水质,做好停炉保养工作;有条件可以更改水循环,加装二次系统;其次是优化管板受热条件,加耐火砌筑和管套,降低管板热负荷,避免过管端过热;最后改变管板与烟管连接方式,采用胀焊结合的方法,改善受力条件,避免产生缺陷。At present,the pressure industrial boilers in Haidian District were mainly gas shell boilers.Compared to other boilers,this type of boiler had the characteristics of energy conservation,environmental protection,high thermal efficiency,and small size.Cracks in the tube plate were the main reason affecting the safe operation of the boiler.Using methods such as ultrasonic thickness measurement,scale analysis,non-destructive testing,metallographic analysis,and hardness testing,an accident analysis was conducted on a crack in the front tube plate of a hot water boiler's combustion chamber,and the cause of the crack was identified.To ensure the safe operation of the boiler,the most important thing was to control water quality and do a good job of boiler shutdown and maintenance;it was possible to modify the water circulation and install a secondary system;Secondly,the heating conditions of the tube sheet should be optimized,refractory masonry and tube sleeves should be added,the heat load of the tube sheet should be reduced,and overheating at the tube end should be avoided;Finally,the connection method between the tube plate and the smoke pipe should be changed,using a combination of expansion welding to improve the stress conditions and avoid defects.

关 键 词：管板裂纹 结垢 应力 水质管理 热负荷 

分 类 号：TK229[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]