2015—2021年南宁市西乡塘区新生儿低出生体重变化趋势及影响因素分析  

Trends and influencing factors of low birth weight of newborns in Xixiangtang District,Nanning City from 2015 to 2021

作　　者：韦菊芳 陈吉健 WEI Jufang;CHEN Jijian(The Ethnic Hospital of GuangxiZhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530003,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区民族医院,广西壮族自治区南宁530003

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2023年第7期785-789,共5页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：目的分析2015—2021年南宁市西乡塘区新生儿低出生体重(LBW)变化趋势及影响因素,为制定降低LBW发生率的干预措施提供依据。方法对《广西桂妇儿健康管理信息系统》收集的2015-2021年南宁市西乡塘区活产儿出生信息进行回顾性分析,用趋势性χ^(2)检验分析低出生体重发生率随着时间的变化趋势,用时间序列建模分析预测5年后LBW发生率,用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨LBW的影响因素。结果共分娩活产14075例胎儿,其中低出生体重儿875例,LBW发生率由2015年的4.9%上升至2021年的7.3%(χ^(2)趋势=4.352,P=0.037),预测2026年发生率为8.3%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲分娩年龄为35岁及以上(OR=1.556,95%CI:1.095~2.209)、早产(OR=37.601,95%CI:31.446~44.962)、多胎(OR=10.290,95%CI:7.588~13.955)是新生儿发生LBW的危险因素;产次为2(OR=0.602,95%CI:0.474~0.764)、产检次数为8次及以上(OR=0.496,95%CI:0.322~0.763)、新生儿性别为男(OR=0.603,95%CI:0.508~0.716)是新生儿发生LBW的保护因素。结论2015—2021年南宁市西乡塘区新生儿LBW发生率呈升高趋势,且高于全国平均水平,未来5年仍可能继续升高,对于具有高危因素的孕妇应及早采取预防措施以减少LBW的发生。Objective To analyze the trend and influencing factors of low birth weight(LBW)in Xixiangtang district of Nanning from 2015 to 2021,in order to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of LBW.Methods Birth data of live births in Xixiangtang,Nanning from 2015 to 2021 collected by"Guangxi Gui Women′s and Children′s Health Management Information System"were analyed.Theχ^(2)test for trend was used to test the difference of LBW among years.Time series analysis was adopted to predict the incidence of LBW in 5 years.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of LBW.Results A total of 14075 live births were delivered,including 875 low birth weight infants.The incidence of LBW increased from 4.9%in 2015 to 7.3%in 2021(χ^(2)trend=4.352,P=0.037).Time sersis ananlysis predicted that the incidence of LBW in this district was 8.3%in 2026.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal aged≥35 years(OR=1.556,95%CI:1.095-2.209),premature delivery(OR=37.601,95%CI:31.446-44.962),multiple pregnancy(OR=10.290,95%CI:7.588-13.955)were risk factors of LBW.Parity of 2(OR=0.602,95%CI:0.474-0.764),antenatal examinations of 8 or more(OR=0.496,95%CI:0.322-0.763),newborn sex of male(OR=0.603,95%CI:0.508-0.716)were protective factors of LBW.Conclusions The incidence of LBW in Xixiangtang District of Nanning shows an increasing trend from 2015 to 2021,higher than the national average level,and may continue to increase in the next 5 years.Preventive measures should be taken among pregnant women with high-risk factors to reduce the incidence of LBW.

关 键 词：新生儿 低出生体重 围生期保健 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]