京津冀地区一次复合污染过程中气溶胶和BC垂直分布特征的飞机观测  

Aircraft Observation of Aerosol and Black Carbon Aerosol Vertical Distribution during a Complex Air Pollution Process in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

作　　者：刘思晗 王红磊[1] 赵德龙[2] 高莹[3] 赵天良[1] 裴宇儇 可玥 武自豪 LIU Sihan;WANG Honglei;ZHAO Delong;GAO Ying;ZHAO Tianliang;PEI Yuxuan;KE Yue;WU Zihao(Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,and Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044;Beijing Weather Modification Office,Beijing 100089,China;Unit 66137of PLA,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]北京市人工影响天气办公室,北京100089 [3]中国人民解放军66137部队,北京100010

出　　处：《地球与环境》2023年第5期537-548,共12页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3701204、2016YFA0602003);国家自然科学基金项目(42275196、41830965);2022江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(SJCX22_0361)。

摘　　要：2018年8月1~5日京津冀地区发生一次典型PM_(2.5)和O_(3)复合型污染,本研究利用空中国王飞机搭载被动腔气溶胶探头(PCASP)、单颗粒黑碳光度计(SP2)和AIMMS-20探头于8月5日在北京和保定获得了110~600 nm气溶胶数浓度、36~526 nm黑碳气溶胶(BC)质量浓度和数浓度以及气象要素数据,分析了垂直和水平方向气溶胶和BC的粒径分布特征,计算了BC造成的辐射强迫和大气加热率。结果表明,在垂直方向上,北京上空气溶胶数浓度随高度呈现先增加(变化速率为:144~1041 cm^(-3)/100m)后不变再减小(变化速率为:632~891 cm^(-3)/100m)的趋势,保定气溶胶数浓度随高度的增加而递减(变化速率为:270 cm^(-3)/100m);北京和保定上空BC数浓度先不变后减小(变化速率为:9~28 cm^(-3)/100m)。2000 m上逆温层的存在,导致气溶胶数浓度的下降速率降低至170~336 cm^(-3)/100m。不同高度气溶胶数浓度谱均为双峰型,峰值粒径集中在140 nm和240~280 nm,BC数浓度谱均为单峰型,集中在76~91nm。09:05和11:30北京BC数浓度和质量浓度集中在500 m以下,分别是0~500 m存在向下的垂直风和500~750 m上水平风风切变的影响。BC老化程度在500 m以下随高度增加,500 m以上随高度变化较小。BC的加热作用集中在500 m以下,加热率约0.62 K/d,500 m以上BC加热率约0.06~0.25 K/d。平飞过程的四个区域中高气溶胶低BC区气溶胶数浓度谱为双峰型,峰值粒径为140 nm和280 nm,其他三个区域是单峰型,峰值粒径为140 nm。四个区域BC数浓度谱均为单峰型,峰值粒径集中在69~91 nm。BC和气溶胶数浓度会影响BC的老化程度,气溶胶数浓度一定时,BC数浓度越高,BC老化程度越小,BC数浓度越低,BC老化程度越大。From August 1 to 5,2018,combined PM_(2.5)and O_(3)pollution occurred in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.In this study,we took advantage of the King Air aircraft equipped with passive cavity aerosol probe(PCASP),single particle soot photometer(SP2)and AIMMS-20 probe to determine 110-600 nm aerosol number concentrations,36-526 nm black carbon aerosol(BC)mass and number concentrations,as well as meteorological factor data in Beijing and Baoding on August 5.Then,the particle size distribution of aerosols,BC in vertical and horizontal directions were analyzed,in addition to that the radiative forcing and atmospheric heating rate caused by BC were calculated.The results show that the aerosol number concentration over Beijing first increased at a rate of 144-1041 cm^(-3)/100 m,then remained unchanged and thereafter decreased at a rate of 632-891 cm^(-3)/100 m with the altitude.In comparison,the aerosol number concentration over Baoding decreased with the altitude at a rate of 270 cm^(-3)/100 m.In the case of the BC number concentration,the values over Beijing and Baoding were first constant and then decreased with the altitude at a rate of 9-28 cm^(-3)/100 m.The temperature inversion layer at about 2000 m has resulted in a decreased rate of aerosol number concentration of 170-336 cm^(-3)/100 m.The number concentration spectrum of aerosol at different altitudes were bimodal with peak particle sizes at 140 nm and 240-280 nm.The BC number concentration spectra at different altitudes was unimodal with a peak particle size at 76-91 nm.At 09:05 and 11:30,the number and mass concentrations of BC in Beijing were concentrated below 500 m altitude,which were respectively influenced by the downward vertical wind from 0-500 m and horizontal wind shear from 500-750 m altitude.The extent of BC aging increases with altitude below the 500 m and varied little above the 500 m altitude.The heating effect of BC was observed mostly below the 500 m altitude with a heating rate of about 0.62 K/d.In comparison,the heating rate of BC above 500

关 键 词：飞机观测 气溶胶 BC 垂直廓线 粒径分布 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]