从边界到归属:清末本土话语中“警察权”的形成及其影响  

From Boundary to Ownership:The Formation and Influence of"Police Power"in Local Discourse in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王继红 李禹泽 WANG Jihong;LI Yuze

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学犯罪学院,北京100038 [2]中国人民公安大学治安学院,北京100038

出　　处：《公安学研究》2023年第3期96-122,124,共28页Journal of Public Security Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项“中共公安保卫文献资料整理与研究(1921—1949)”(19VJX022);中国人民公安大学拔尖创新人才培养经费支持研究生科研创新重点项目“清末民初警察权思想的兴起、演变及影响研究——以国家主权为视角”(2022yjsky009)。

摘　　要：清末时期,现代意义的“警察”观念传入中国,对“警察权”的讨论也随之而兴。清末“警察权”概念引介自日本,但日本“警察权”的内涵多讨论警察权力的边界问题,而清末本土话语中的“警察权”转而讨论警察机构的归属问题。造成这种差异是由于“警察权”一词在本土消化、整合、重构过程中,受到了清末社会现实原因以及时人传统认知的深刻影响,进而诱致了这一根本转向。清末本土“警察权”认知的形成,对保护中国警政不受帝国主义列强的干涉发挥了重要的作用,同时也在一定程度上促进了清末警政建设的进程。但清末政府与社会对“警察权”的这种认知,导致清末警察机构建立时多注重外在设置,而缺乏内外兼备的“系统性”。In the late Qing Dynasty,the concept of"police"in a modern sense was introduced into China,and"police power",borrowed from Japan,was also discussed.When it comes to"police power",its boundary was mainly discussed in Japan,while the ownership of police organs is a focus in China in the late Qing Dynasty.This is because the localization,integration and reconstruction of"police power"was influenced by China's profound social realities and Chinese traditional cognitions.The localized understanding played an important role in protecting China's police administration from the interference of imperialist powers,and at the same time,to a certain extent,promoted the process of police construction in the late Qing Dynasty.However,the perception from the government and the society resulted in their more attention to external settings thann"systematization"in the establishment of police organs.

关 键 词：警察权 警政 本土化 话语分析 

分 类 号：D691.6[政治法律—政治学]