基于刚度匹配的激光测高仪星载接口分析与设计  

Analysis and Design of Satellite Interface of Laser Altimeter Based on Stiffness Matching

作　　者：姜紫庆[1,2] 叶道焕[1,2] 侯佳 刘安伟[1,2] 黄庚华 Jiang Ziqing;Ye Daohuan;Hou Jia;Liu Anwei;Huang Genghua(Key Laboratory of Space Active OpticalElectro Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China;Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空间主动光电技术重点实验室,上海200083 [2]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第14期102-109,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：科技创新2030-“量子通信与量子计算机”重大项目(2021ZD0300304);上海市市级科技重大专项(2019SHZDZX01)。

摘　　要：由于加工生产、发射振动以及空间温度交变等因素,星上载荷的安装接口会出现一定的形位误差,进而激光测高仪的光轴指向发生偏差。为了减小机械接口对载荷的影响,基于运动学安装的原理,设计了测高仪的支撑结构。在接口刚度匹配性分析的基础上,对支撑结构进行了设计优化。采用蒙特卡罗统计方法对星上接口的误差分布进行了分析,确定了载荷安装点的误差输入。通过分析与试验验证发现:所设计的支撑结构的一阶基频达到88 Hz,激光收发光轴安装时引起的光轴总偏离量约为8.5μrad,力学振动引起的光轴总偏离量为30μrad。热光试验表明,高低温边界处的光轴稳定度为8.5μrad。所设计的支撑结构能够满足测高仪的使用指标要求。设计思路与试验结果对星载激光类载荷接口设计具有一定的参考性。Objective Spaceborne lidar has a high orbit and wide observation range,which facilitates the accurate and rapid acquisition of largescale three-dimensional spatial information.It is a key research area,both domestically and internationally.Spaceborne lidar has been increasingly used in marine remote sensing and topographic mapping.With the continuous development of China's space laser altimeter,the measurement accuracy has increased from 5.0 m to 0.3 m.The stability requirements of the optical-mechanical structure continue to increase and the measurement accuracy also increases at the same time.Simultaneously,the laser itself is also a highly sensitive component of the optomechanical instrument.There can be shape and position errors of the onboard interface owing to factors such as production,emission vibration,and changes in satellite temperature.These errors lead to a deviation in the optical axis of the laser altimeter.The traditional installation method considers the rigidity requirements of the instrument rather than the precision requirements.In this study,the core accuracy of the altimeter is considered to be the main optimization goal.The flexibility of the supporting structure is optimized to isolate a part of the deformation caused by the outside surroundings.This ensures that the optical accuracy of the laser altimeter is better than that of the traditional method.Methods This study designs the support structure of an altimeter based on the kinematic installation method.The rigidity of the optical plate of the laser altimeter is enhanced,and the rigidity of the supporting structure is reduced as much as possible while meeting the requirements of the satellite.Thus,most structural deformations caused by changes in the mechanical and thermal environments are isolated.The flexibility of the support structure is implemented by the arcuate hinge,and the parameters of the arcuate hinge are optimized to set reasonable flexibility.The structural deformation of the deck which is caused by the change in the mech

关 键 词：测量 空间仪器 星载接口 运动学支撑 支撑刚度 统计分析 

分 类 号：V443.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TH703[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]