深部厚煤层沿底巷道两帮变形破坏机理研究  

Deformation and failure mechanism of two sides of bottom-driven roadway in deep thick coal seam

作　　者：单仁亮[1] 彭杨皓 张炜卓 单忠豪 王志恩 SHAN Renliang;PENG Yanghao;ZHANG Weizhuo;SHAN Zhonghao;WANG Zhien(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Huadian Coal Industry Group Co Ltd,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]华电煤业集团有限公司,北京100035

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2023年第4期730-742,共13页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51474218,51134025)。

摘　　要：为解决深部厚煤层沿底巷道变形大、围岩维护难题,以营盘壕煤矿2201工作面运输巷为工程背景,分析巷帮变形破坏特征及关键影响因素,基于巷帮应力状态分析,探讨巷帮围岩变形破坏机制,引入梁柱力学模型和剪切滑移破坏模型,确定巷帮综合破坏深度和锚杆长度,并运用数值计算方法对其进行系统模拟研究和论证。结果表明:两帮上部片状破裂,中上部层状开裂,中部块状剥落碎胀鼓起明显;支护系统欠合理、巷帮煤体性质变化、断面大、地应力高是造成巷帮变形破坏的主要原因;巷帮围岩变形破坏表现为浅部动态卸荷劈裂破坏、中深部(单侧无侧限)单轴压缩劈裂破坏(合称为“H”型破坏)和深部不完全共轭剪切破坏(“Y”型破坏)的“H+Y”型破坏机制,能够解释现场调研发现的煤巷变形破坏特征和现象;梁柱力学模型和剪切滑移破坏模型能够反映巷帮围岩的稳定性,综合破坏深度等于拉伸(劈裂)破坏深度与剪切(压剪)破坏深度之和;数值模拟与理论分析结果较为一致。With the haulage roadway of the 2201 working face in the Yingpanhao Coal Mine as the engineering background,the deformation and failure characteristics and key influencing factors of roadway side are analyzed in order to solve the problems of large deformation and surrounding rock maintenance of bottom-driven roadway in deep thick coal seam.Based on the analysis of stress state of roadway side,the deformation and failure mechanism of roadway side surrounding rock is discussed,the beam column mechanical model and shear slip failure model are introduced,the comprehensive failure depth and bolt length of roadway side are determined,and the numerical calculation method is used to carry out systematic simulation research and demonstration.The results show that the upper part of the two sides crack in flakes,the middle and upper part crack in layers,and the middle part spalls and bulges obviously;the main reasons for deformation and failure of roadway sides are unreasonable support system,change of coal properties,large cross section and high in-situ stress;the deformation and failure of surrounding rock of roadway sides are characterized by"H+Y"type failure mechanism of shallow dynamic unloading splitting failure,middle deep(unilateral unconfined)uniaxial compression splitting failure(collectively referred to as"H"type failure)and deep incomplete conjugate shear failure("Y"type fai-lure),which can explain the deformation and failure characteristics and phenomena of coal roadway in field investigation;the beam column mechanical model and the shear slip failure model can reflect the stability of the surrounding rock of roadway sides,and the comprehensive failure depth is equal to the sum of tensile(splitting)failure depth and shear(compression shear)failure depth;the results of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis are in good agreement.

关 键 词：深部 厚煤层沿底巷道 托顶煤巷道 两帮 破坏机制 劈裂破坏 剪切破坏 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]