聚合物渗透汽化脱盐膜的研究进展  

A review on recent development of polymeric pervaporation desalination membranes

作　　者：闫佳华 曹兵 李培[2] 张睿 YAN Jiahua;CAO Bing;LI Pei;ZHANG Rui(College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2023年第4期172-183,共12页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研究计划项目(2021YFC2101201)。

摘　　要：高盐废水的资源化利用是工业界和学术界的研究热点.膜法脱盐是实现高盐废水资源化利用的有效方法.近年来,针对脱盐设计的渗透汽化(PV)膜的水通量是有机溶剂脱水的几十倍以上.如果能将PV的高截盐率、高水通量的优势与低品质热源有效结合,PV脱盐有望为高盐废水的资源化利用提供有力的支撑.高渗透通量、高截盐率、运行稳定且适于处理成分复杂的高浓盐水的PV脱盐膜仍是目前的研究热点.本文总结了近5年聚合物渗透汽化脱盐膜的研究进展,主要包括PV脱盐膜常用的材料、膜材料的分子结构设计及其改性方法、PV膜的脱盐性能等方面的内容.Utilization of highly salty wastewater is a hot topic both in industry and academia.Membrane desalination is an effective method to fulfill this requirement.In recent years,water fluxes of pervaporation(PV)membranes designed for desalination have been dozens of times higher than that of PV membranes used for organic solvent dehydration.If low quality heat source is available for PV desalination process,this technology has a great potential for recycling highly salty wastewater.The key problem of PV desalination technology is still the lack of membrane materials with high flux,high salt rejection,excellent stability and suitable for treating concentrated brine solutions with complex composition.This paper summarizes the research progress of polymeric pervaporation desalination membranes in recent 5 years,including commonly used membrane materials,membrane material designs and modification methods,desalination performance and other aspects.

关 键 词：PV膜 脱盐 海水淡化 渗透汽化 

分 类 号：TQ051.893[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]