高铁开通与城市内部制造业工资不平等:事实、机制与政策含义  

High-Speed Railway Operation and Wage Inequality of Manufacturing Enterprises within Cities:Facts,Mechanisms,and Policy Implications

作　　者：易淑昶 孙久文[2] YI Shu-chang;SUN Jiu-wen(Postdoctoral Workstation of China Construction Bank,Beijing 100033;School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建设银行博士后科研工作站,北京100033 [2]中国人民大学应用经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期13-25,共13页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国沿海地区高质量发展的综合评价与政策耦合研究”(42071155)。

摘　　要：降低收入不平等水平对于扩大内需以及构建“双循环”发展格局有重要意义。我国收入不平等不仅体现在城乡之间的差距,还体现在城市内部的收入差距,后者是一个容易被忽视的问题。基于中国企业微观数据,将高铁开通视为准自然实验,采用多期双重差分法和工具变量等方法,考察中国高铁开通对城市内部制造业企业工资不平等的影响。研究发现,高铁开通会显著提升城市内制造业企业工资不平等水平,其对工资不平等的影响主要表现在行业间,知识溢出效应和贸易成本降低效应是影响收入分布结构变化的重要机制。异质性的进一步分析表明,高铁开通对工资不平等的影响在中部地区和东部地区城市显著为正,西部地区并不显著,且呈现随城市等级升高而增长的特征。The level of income inequality is crucial for expanding domestic demand and establishing a“dual circulation”development pattern.In China,income inequality not only exists between urban and rural areas,but also within cities.However,the latter is often overlooked.Based on the micro-data from Chinese enterprises and by employing the high-speed railway operation as a quasi-natural experiment,the present paper explores the impact of the operation on wage inequality of manufacturing enterprises within cities through methods including Difference-in-Differences with multiple time periods and instrumental variables.The findings reveal that the high-speed railway operation leads to a significant increase in wage inequality of manufacturing enterprises within cities,and the impact is particularly observed among different industries.Additionally,the knowledge spillover and trade cost reduction effects are key mechanisms influencing the income distribution structure.The heterogeneity analysis further indicates that the impact is notably positive in central and eastern cities,while not significant in the western region,and it increases with the rise of city level.

关 键 词：高速铁路 制造业企业 工资不平等 知识溢出 贸易成本 

分 类 号：F283[经济管理—国民经济]