郑韩故城铸铁陶范表面处理技术分析  

Analysis of the surface-treatment technology on the clay casting molds at the iron-casting site in the Ancient Zhenghan City

作　　者：王淡春 罗武干 张飞燕[4] 蔡全法 Wang Danchun;Luo Wugan;Zhang Feiyan;Cai Quanfa

机构地区：[1]安徽博物院,安徽合肥230071 [2]安徽大学历史学院,安徽合肥230071 [3]中国科学院大学考古学与人类学系,北京100049 [4]故宫博物院,北京100009 [5]河南省文物考古研究院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《文博》2023年第4期87-94,共8页

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“丝路沿线早期砷铜冶金考古与文明互动”(项目编号:20VJXG018);北京市社会科学基金青年学术带头人项目“‘半月形文化传播带’铜冶金生产组织、技术交流与文明演进研究”(项目编号:21DTR046);中央高校基本科研业务费专项“早期中华民族共同体形成过程中的技术、生业和资源研究”(项目编号:E2ET0910X2)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：河南郑韩故城仓城铸铁遗址是一处战国时期韩国铸铁作坊,遗址内出土了大量的铸铁陶范,表面可见有黑色和红色薄层。本文对遗址出土陶范胎体及表面层进行了系统分析。结果表明,红色表面层的显色成分为赤铁矿,黑色表面层的显色成分为炭黑,且黑色层叠压于红色层之上。两种颜色表面层的使用,均有助于减少粘砂,利于脱模,有效提升铸件的质量。在冶铸遗址内还发现有一件涂料缸,器内残留的红色涂料与陶范表面红色层相近,表明红色表面层可能是工匠有意涂抹所致。The Cangcheng iron casting site in Zhenghan Ancient City,Henan,is a Han State iron casting workshop dating back to the Warring States period.A large number of iron casting molds have been unearthed at the site,often with thin layers of black and red on their surfaces.This paper provides a systematic analysis of the body and surface layers of the molds excavated from the site.The results indicate that the coloring component for the red surface layer is hematite,while the black surface layer is composed of carbon black,with the black layer superimposing on the red layer.The use of both surface layer colors helps reduce sand adhesion,facilitates mold release,and effectively improves the quality of the castings.Within the metallurgical site,a paint jar was also discovered,and the red paint residue inside the jar closely resembles the red surface layer on the molds,suggesting that the application of the red surface layer may have been intentionally done by the craftsmen.

关 键 词：郑韩故城 陶范 表面层涂料 

分 类 号：TG143[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] K878.5[金属学及工艺—金属材料]