论共同犯罪人的违法所得没收形态  

On the Confiscation Form of Illegal Property of Accomplices

作　　者：冯文杰[1] FENG Wen-jie(The Academyof Intelligence and Justice of Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing,401120)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学智能司法研究院,重庆401120

出　　处：《时代法学》2023年第4期20-28,共9页Presentday Law Science

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“监察机关与公安机关配合制约关系的衔接制度研究”(23SKGH028);西南政法大学智能司法研究院2022年度合规专项课题“企业合规改革的试点动因、模式选择及规范优化”(ZNHG2022K05);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“智慧量刑理论基础研究”(22SKGH044)的研究成果。

摘　　要：就共同取得违法所得财物的共犯人间如何分配没收数额,严重影响共犯人的财产权能否被合理保护。连带责任说与按份责任说均无法提供具有可操作性且合理的解决方案,应坚持修正的连带责任说,保护国民合法财产权与刑法处罚优待权利。若涉及返还被害人,则共犯人间应承担连带责任,且依实际分配数额进行内部追偿,在无法确定分配数额时,需根据人数区分内部责任;若不涉及返还被害人,则共犯人间应承担按份责任,即依实际分配数额承担退赔责任,在无法确定分配数额时,需根据人数平均分配退赔责任;无论各共犯人承担的是连带责任还是按份责任,若违法所得财物总额已追缴完,则不应对剩余共犯人重复追缴;若违法所得财物总额多于被害人损失,则应在足额返还被害人后上缴剩余财物于国库。How to distribute the confiscated amount among the accomplices who jointly obtained the illegally obtained property seriously affects whether the property rights of the accomplices can be reasonably protected.Both the theory of joint and several liability and the theory of individual responsibility cannot provide a feasible and reasonable solution,and the revised theory of joint and several liability should be adhered to to protect the legitimate property rights of citizens and the right to preferential treatment in criminal law.If the return of the victim is involved,the accomplices shall bear joint and several liability,and the internal recovery shall be made according to the actual distribution amount.When the distribution amount cannot be determined,the internal responsibility shall be divided according to the number of persons;,that is to assume the liability for compensation based on the actual distribution amount,and when the distribution amount cannot be determined,the liability for compensation shall be distributed equally according to the number of persons;no matter whether the accomplices are jointly and severally liable or liable by shares,if the total amount of illegally obtained property has been recovered,no compensation shall be paid.The remaining accomplices should be recovered repeatedly;if the total amount of illegally obtained property is more than the victim s loss,the remaining property should be turned over to the state treasury after returning the victim in full.

关 键 词：违法所得财物没收 共同犯罪人 连带责任说 按份责任说 修正的连带责任说 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]