陕甘汉麻秆基活性炭的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Shaanxi-Gansu Hemp Stem Activated Carbon

作　　者：王佳 刘建宇 周梦圆 杨巧巧 刘彩琴 张湧 张洛红[2] WANG Jia;LIU Jianyu;ZHOU Mengyuan;YANG Qiaoqiao;LIU Caiqin;ZHANG Yong;ZHANG Luohong(Xi′an Yunkai Environmental Technology Co.Ltd,Xi′an 710048,Shaanxi,China;College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi′an Polytechnic University,Xi′an 710600,Shaanxi,China;Gansu Hemp Technology Co.Ltd,Tianshui 741000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西安云开环境科技有限公司,陕西西安710048 [2]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710600 [3]甘肃汉麻科技有限责任公司,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2023年第4期152-159,共8页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110709008);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022GY-161)。

摘　　要：以陕甘汉麻秆为原料、氢氧化钾(KOH)为活化剂制备活性炭,通过正交试验探讨浸渍比、浸渍时间、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭吸附性能和得率的影响;采用扫描电子显微镜、比表面积分析仪、傅立叶变化红外光谱仪对样品的微孔结构和化学结构进行分析。结果表明:陕甘汉麻秆的最佳制备工艺为浸渍比3∶1,浸渍时间24 h,活化温度700℃,活化时间2 h;在最佳制备条件下,活性炭的碘吸附值为1389.27 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为357 mg/g,得率为68.32%,比表面积为1750.86 m^(2)/g,孔容为0.47 cm^(3)/g,平均孔径为1.769 nm;该活性炭微孔结构发达,含有少量介孔和大孔,此外还含有碳碳双键(C=C)、羰基(C=O)、羟基(O-H)等化学结构。该研究为陕甘汉麻秆的资源化利用奠定了良好基础。In this research,the activated carbon was prepared by using Shaanxi-Gansu hemp stem as raw material and potassium hydroxide(KOH)as activator.The effects of impregnation ratio,impregnation time,activation temperature and activation time on the adsorption performance and yield of activated carbon were investigated by orthogonal tests;the microporous structure and chemical structure of the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,specific surface area analyzer and Fourier change infrared spectrometer.The results showed that the optimal preparation process parameters of Shaanxi-Gansu hemp stem activated carbon were impregnation ratio 3∶1,impregnation time 24 h,activation temperature 700℃and activation time 2 h.Under the optimal preparation conditions,the iodine adsorption value,methylene blue adsorption value,yield,specific surface area,pore volume and average pore size of the activated carbon were 1389.27 mg/g,357 mg/g,68.32%,1750.86 m^(2)/g,0.47 cm^(3)/g and 1.769 nm,respectively.The activated carbon had a well-developed microporous structure and contained a few mesopores and macropores;the activated carbon also contained functional group such as carbon-carbon double bonds(C=C),carbonyl groups(C=O),and hydroxyl groups(O-H).

关 键 词：陕甘汉麻秆 KOH活化 活性炭 吸附性能 微孔结构 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程] TQ351