1997—2022年合肥市HIV/AIDS流行特征分析  

Analysis on the HIV/AIDS epidemic characteristics in Hefei City from 1997 to 2022

作　　者：孙静[1] 冯金保[1] 张小鹏[1] 姚晖[1] 邓晓岚[1] 陈超杰[1] SUN Jing;FENG Jinbao;ZHANG Xiaopeng;YAO Hui;DENG Xiaolan;CHEN Chaojie(Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230000,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2023年第4期216-219,237,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：合肥市卫生健康应用医学研究项目(Hwk2022yb037)。

摘　　要：目的分析合肥市HIV/AIDS流行特征和变化趋势,为制定防控措施提供参考依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统,收集1997年1月1日—2022年12月31日合肥市报告的HIV/AIDS患者信息,并对HIV/AIDS的时间、人群、地区等分布特征以及传播途径、发现途径等进行分析。采用Joinpoint回归分析合肥市新报告HIV/AIDS感染率的变化趋势。结果1997—2022年合肥市累计报告HIV/AIDS患者3974例,其中,男性3608例(占90.79%),女性366例(占9.21%),性别比为9.86∶1。年龄上以20~29岁居多(1511例,占38.02%),2008年以来≥50岁组病例数占比呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=62.73,P<0.05);文化程度上大专及以上学历较多(1670例,占42.02%);职业分布上服务行业较多(1805例,占45.42%),学生人群报告病例数占比自2008年起呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=32.08,P<0.05)。传播途径中,同性性传播2525例(占63.54%),同性性传播占比自2003年起呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=79.43,P<0.05)。发现途径以检测咨询(1832例,占46.10%)和临床就诊(1628例,占40.97%)为主。Joinpoint分析显示,1997—2022年合肥市人群报告HIV感染率以每年21.90%的总平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC)上升(Z=13.44,P<0.05)。结论近年来,合肥市HIV/AIDS流行水平总体较为平稳,中老年、学生及男男同性性行为人群等是艾滋病防治的重点人群,应加大对重点人群的健康教育及筛查力度,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends in patients infected with HIV/AIDS in Hefei area for evidence to formulate corresponding prevention and control measures.Methods The case data,reported in Hefei area from January 1,1997 to December 31,2022,were initially retrieved from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and then analyzed regarding the distribution characteristics of time,population and region in the victims of HIV/AIDS.Joinpoint regression was performed to analyze the changing trends in such patients.Results In total,3974 HIV/AIDS cases were cumulatively reported in Hefei area from 1997 to 2022.Of the victims,3608(90.79%)were males,and 366(9.21%)females.The ratio of male to female was 9.86∶1.The age ranging from 20 to 29 years was dominant(1511 cases,38.02%).After 2008,the proportion of 50 years old and above tended to grow in the reported cases(χ^(2) _(trend)=62.73,P<0.05).The infection was most seen in patients with college or higher educational background(1670 cases,42.02%).By occupation,the reported case number was large in service industry(1805 cases,45.42%).The proportion of cases reported in students had been on the rise since 2008(χ^(2) _(trend)=32.08,P<0.05).The main way of transmission was involved in homosexual transmission(2525 cases,63.54%),and homosexual transmission tended to rise since 2003(χ^(2) _(trend)=79.43,P<0.05).The infection was generally identified in detection and consultation(1832 cases,46.10%)and clinical visit(1628 cases,40.97%).Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the reported cases of HIV infection in Hefei area were at average annual percent change(AAPC)by 21.90%per year(Z=13.44,P<0.05).Conclusion The HIV/AIDS prevalence in Hefei is relatively stable.Among them,middle aged and elderly population,students and men who have sex with men should be the key groups of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Health education on AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened for this group of people,and AIDS screening

关 键 词：艾滋病 人类免疫缺陷病毒 流行特征 合肥市 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]