地衣芽孢杆菌SCAU1602饲喂对鸡粪可培养细菌遗传多样性影响及有益细菌筛选  

Effects of Feeding Bacillus licheniformis SCAU1602 on Genetic Diversity of Culturable Bacteria in Chicken Manure and Screening of Beneficial Bacteria

作　　者：王祖昱 余金阳 余秀梅 吴郡颖 蔡金桥 林春雪 陈强 WANG Zuyu;YU Jinyang;YU Xiumei;WU Junying;CAI Jinqiao;LIN Chunxue;CHEN Qiang(College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第4期727-736,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2019YFN0149);四川农业大学学科建设支持计划资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探明地衣芽孢杆菌SCAU1602饲喂蛋鸡后鸡粪中主要细菌类群数量变化,弄清可培养细菌遗传多样性和系统发育,筛选有益细菌。【方法】设置常规饲喂(对照,T1)和饲喂SCAU1602菌剂(≥1×10^(8)CFU/kg)(T2)两个处理,分别测定第0、7、14、30天和第90天鲜鸡粪中温型、耐高温细菌、大肠菌群和乳酸细菌数量;分析第90天鸡粪的可培养中温型细菌、耐高温细菌的遗传多样性和系统发育,代表菌株的蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性和产氨氮能力。【结果】饲喂SCAU1602显著降低了鸡粪中大肠菌群数量,增加了中温型细菌、耐高温细菌和乳酸菌数量。从第90天的鸡粪分离获得了133株细菌,其中,T1处理62株中温型和耐高温细菌,分属于11个种,优势中温型细菌为绿色气球菌,占比33.33%;耐高温优势细菌为枯草芽孢杆菌,占比46.15%;T2处理71株中温型和耐高温细菌,分属于13个种,中温型以乳酸肠球菌为优势群(19.05%),耐高温菌以地衣芽孢杆菌(41.38%)为优势群。与T1相比,T2处理鸡粪中产蛋白酶、淀粉酶细菌占比大幅上升了76.13%和45.57%,氨化能力强的菌株下降了35.32%,鸡粪氨氮含量显著下降了58.72%(P<0.05)。【结论】地衣芽孢杆菌SCAU1602可很好地存活于鸡粪,增加可培养细菌种群和遗传多样性,促进鸡粪中有益细菌生长。【Objective】The current study was conducted to explore the changes of the dominant bacterial number after Bacillus licheniformis SCAU1602 feeding laying hens to reveal the genetic diversity and phylogeny of culturable bacteria isolated from the chicken feces,and to screen some beneficial bacteria.【Method】Two treatments were designed,T1:conventional feeding(the control group);T2:feeding with SCAU1602(≥1×10^(8)CFU/kg).The numbers of mesophilic bacteria,thermotolerant bacteria,coliform,and lactic acid bacteria in fresh chicken feces at 0,7,14,30 and 90 days were determined in the two groups,respectively.The genetic diversity and phylogeny of culturable mesophilic bacteria and thermotolerant bacteria from chicken feces on the 90th day were isolated and analyzed.The protease and amylase activity and the NH4+-N producing ability of representative strains from chicken feces on the 90th day were measured.【Result】The results showed that after feeding SCAU1602,the number of coliforms was significantly decreased,and the number of mesophilic bacteria,thermotolerant bacteria and lactic acid bacteria was significantly increased in chicken manure.A total of 133 bacteria were isolated from chicken feces of the two treatments on the 90th day,and the genetic diversity and phylogeny were performed.The 62 bacteria were isolated from T1 belonged to 11 species.Among them,Aerococcus viridans was the predominant mesophilic bacteria and occupied 33.33%,and Bacillus subtilis was the predominant thermotolerant one and accounted for 46.15%.The 71 bacteria were isolated from T2 belonged to 13 species.Among them,Enterococcus lactis was the dominant mesophilic bacteria and accounted for 19.05%,while Bacillus licheniformis was the dominant thermotolerant bacteria and occupied 41.38%.Compared with T1,the proportion of bacteria producing protease and amylase in chicken feces in T2 was significantly increased by 76.13%and 45.57%,the number of bacteria with strong ammoniacal ability was decreased by 35.32%,and the content of NH4+-N in

关 键 词：地衣芽孢杆菌 鸡粪 可培养细菌 系统发育 氨氮含量 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]