两晋士人灾异文化认知试析——基于《晋书·五行志》之考察  

An Analysis of the Cultural Cognition of Disasters and Differences among Scholars in the Two Jin Dynasties:Based on the Investigation of the Five Elements Annals of the Book of Jin

作　　者：杨恩玉 潘嘉晖 YANG Enyu;PAN Jiahui(School of History and Culture,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学历史文化学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2023年第4期10-23,共14页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“魏晋南北朝社会阶层研究”(17BZS009)。

摘　　要：关于两晋时期的灾异,学界已多有探讨,然而鲜有从灾异文化视阈着眼。灾异文化根源于先民对“巫”的原始认知,后逐渐发展为包罗万象的文化集群,且具有时间性、地域性、种族性、阶层性等诸多特点。循此理路,对两晋时期灾异文化的探讨,主要侧重从当时的“士人群体”角度出发。两晋“士人群体”具有“向死忧生”之特性,这使得两晋士人的灾异思想与灾异文化理念独具个性。通过分析士人所作相关文献(以《晋书·五行志》为主)的内容来源、叙写模式、内容类型以及文本价值,发现这一时期士人灾异思想的主要内容为“天谴灾异”说、“阴阳五行”论和“崇天自然”观。基于此,可进一步概括出两晋时期士人群体灾异文化理念的主要内容及其特点。There have been many discussions in the academic community about the disasters and disasters during the Jin Dynasty,but few have looked at them from a cultural perspective.The origin of disaster culture lies in the primitive understanding of"witchcraft"among the ancestors,which gradually developed into a comprehensive cultural cluster with many characteristics such as temporal,regional,racial,and hierarchical.Following this logic,the exploration of the disaster culture during the Jin Dynasty mainly focuses on the perspective of the"literati group"at that time.The"literati group"of the two Jin dynasties had the characteristic of"worrying about life and death",which made their disaster and cultural concepts unique.By analyzing the content sources,narrative patterns,content types,and textual values of the relevant literature(mainly the Five Elements Annals of the Book of Jin)written by scholars,it was found that the main contents of scholars'disaster and abnormal thoughts during this period were the"Heavenly Punishment Disaster and Abnormal"theory,the"Yin Yang Five Elements"theory,and the"Worship of Heaven and Nature"view.Based on this,we can further summarize the main content and many characteristics of the disaster cultural concept of the literati group during the Jin Dynasty.In this way,there can be a deeper understanding and interpretation of the cultural factors contained in the relevant disaster records during this period.

关 键 词：两晋 灾异 灾异思想 灾异文化 士人群体 

分 类 号：K237[历史地理—历史学]