正念训练降低在校大学生焦虑的实践分析  

Practice of mindfulness training to reduce anxiety in college students

作　　者：王中会 连怡遥 刘俊香[3,4] WANG Zhonghui;LIAN Yiyao;LIU Junxiang(School of Child Development and Education,China Women′s University,Beijing 100101;National Institute of Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050;School of Marxism,CAMS&PUMC,Beijing 100730,China;School of Humanities and Social Science,CAMS&PUMC,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院儿童发展与教育学院,北京100101 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院马克思主义学院,北京100730 [4]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院人文和社会科学学院,北京100730

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2023年第9期1477-1480,共4页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(17BSH020);北京协和医学院教改项目(10023201903803)。

摘　　要：目的探讨正念训练对中国高焦虑在校大学生焦虑症状的影响及其内在机制。方法对北京两所高校的2416名在校大学生进行量表测评,根据得分招募研究对象,将其分为正念干预组(n=20)和对照组(n=20)。使用状态—特质焦虑问卷(STAI)和五因素正念量表(FFMQ)对所有学生进行前测。之后对干预组进行为期8周的正念认知疗法训练,训练结束后进行后测,前后测量表相同。结果正念训练降低干预组的状态焦虑(F=6.21,P<0.001)和特质焦虑分数(F=6.15,P<0.001),提升正念总分(F=6.26,P<0.001)以及观察(F=5.21,P<0.01)、描述(F=6.24,P<0.001)、非反应分数(F=5.80,P<0.01)。结论正念训练能有效降低高焦虑在校大学生的焦虑症状。Objective To explore the effect of mindfulness training on anxiety symptom of Chinese college students with high anxiety and its internal mechanism.Methods A total of 2416 college students from two universities in Beijing were evaluated and recruited according to their scores.They were divided into intervention group and control group with twenty in each.All students were pre-tested by State-trait Anxiety Inventory Questionnaire(STAI)and the Five-factor Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ).After that,students in the intervention group received an 8-week training of mindfulness cognitive therapy.After the training,all students were post-tested with the same scales.Results Mindfulness training reduced state anxiety(F=6.21,P<0.001)and trait anxiety scores(F=6.15,P<0.001)in the intervention group,improved their total score of mindfulness(F=6.26,P<0.001),observation(F=5.21,P<0.01),description(F=6.24,P<0.001)and non-response(F=5.80,P<0.01).Conclusions Mindfulness training effectively reduces the anxiety symptoms of college students with high anxiety.

关 键 词：正念训练 大学生 状态焦虑 特质焦虑 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]