不同调亏灌溉处理对高产矮秆小麦光合性能的影响  

Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Photosynthesis of High-yield Dwarf Wheat Cultivar

作　　者：郑梦瑶 李豪杰 王文定 杨晨璐 李玉琳 安露昌 欧行奇[1] 郑会芳 ZHENG Mengyao;LI Haojie;WANG Wending;YANG Chenlu;LI Yulin;AN Luchang;OU Xingqi;ZHENG Huifang(School of Life Science and Technoligy,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院生命科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第8期55-62,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(212300410144);河南省科技计划攻关项目(212102110296);新乡市科技攻关计划项目(GG2021006);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同调亏灌溉处理对高产矮秆小麦光合性能的影响。【方法】基于盆栽试验,以百农207(BN207)、百农307(BN307)以及百农607(BN607)高产矮秆小麦为供试材料,以充分灌溉为对照(CK),设置3个中度调亏灌溉处理,分别为:苗期—越冬期、拔节期—抽穗期、扬花期—灌浆中期进行中度调亏灌溉(W1);苗期—越冬期、扬花期—灌浆中期进行中度调亏灌溉(W2);苗期—越冬期、拔节期—抽穗期进行中度调亏灌溉(W3)。分析不同处理下小麦产量、叶片光合速率(Pn)及叶绿素荧光动力学参数的差异。【结果】与CK相比,3个小麦品种在W3处理下的产量、生物量、叶片叶绿素相对量(SPAD)及光化学活性均显著提升。在同一调亏灌溉处理下,不同品种间的光合性能存在差异。BN207品种在长期调亏灌溉下具有抵御光合电子传递限制的能力,BN607在生长前期进行适度的调亏灌溉更有利于增强其生长后期对水分亏缺的适应能力,BN307在苗期—越冬期和拔节期—抽穗期进行中度调亏灌溉有利于提升Pn。【结论】在苗期—越冬期、拔节期—抽穗期进行中度调亏灌溉有利于提升小麦产量与光合性能。【Objective】Regulated deficit irrigation is an improved irrigation technology to sustain crop production in regions where freshwater resources are not abundant.This paper is to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation on photosynthesis of high-yield dwarf wheat cultivars.【Method】Pot experiments were conducted using three high-yield dwarf wheat cultivars:Bainong 207(BN207),Bainong 307(BN307),and Bainong 607(BN607).For each cultivar,moderate regulated deficit irrigation was imposed at the seedling-winter period,jointing-beading,and flowering-filling stages(W1),or at the seedling-winter period and middle flowering-filling stage(W2),or at seedling-winter period and middle jointing-beading stage.The control(CK)was sufficient irrigation.In each treatment,we measured the photosynthetic rate(Pn)and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters of the leaves.【Result】Compared with CK,W3 significantly increased yield,biomass,SPAD values,and photochemical activity of all three cultivars,as opposed to W1 which reduced all these traits.The impact of the deficit irrigation on photosynthesis varied with cultivars,with BN207 showing resistance to limitations in photosynthetic electron transfer under long-term regulated deficit irrigation.Moderate regulated deficit irrigation at the early growth stage of BN607 enhanced its response to water deficit in the late growth stage.Deficit irrigation at the seedling-winter period and jointing-heading stage increased Pn of BN307.【Conclusion】Among the treatments we compared,W3 was optimal for achieving both high yield and photosynthesis of the three wheat cultivars investigated in this paper.

关 键 词：调亏灌溉 生物量 叶绿素荧光动力学参数 OJIP曲线 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]