大丝束碳纤维的上浆工艺及其性能研究  

Sizing process and properties of large-tow carbon fiber

作　　者：赵新星 邓紫怡 孙泽玉[1] 余木火[1] ZHAO Xinxing;DENG Ziyi;SUN Zeyu;YU Muhuo(Shanghai High-performance Fiber Composites Co-constructed Collaborative Innovation Center,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Composite Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]东华大学、材料学院、上海市轻质结构复合材料重点实验室、上海市高性能纤维复合材料省部共建协同创新中心,上海201620

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2023年第4期7-13,共7页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：纤维材料改性国家重点实验室开发课题(KF2203)。

摘　　要：采用低黏度的水性聚酰亚胺(PAAs)类上浆剂对聚丙烯腈(PAN)基大丝束碳纤维进行浸渍处理,得到上浆碳纤维,研究了上浆剂浓度与浸渍时间对上浆碳纤维可加工性能的影响,并分析了上浆碳纤维的表面及断面形貌、表面元素及活性基团变化。结果表明:大丝束碳纤维的上浆率主要受上浆剂浓度的影响,上浆过程基本在30~60 s内完成;相比未上浆的碳纤维,上浆碳纤维的毛丝量大幅减少,悬垂值随上浆率增大而增大,耐磨次数随上浆率的增大呈现先增后减的变化趋势;在上浆剂PAAs质量分数为0.3%~0.5%、浸渍时间为60 s时,上浆碳纤维的上浆率为1.19%~1.52%,可加工性能好;在上浆剂PAAs质量分数为0.5%、浸渍时间为60 s时,上浆碳纤维表面光滑,表面氮、氧元素含量增加,并引入了PAAs的极性基团。Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based large-tow carbon fibers were impregnated with low-viscosity water-soluble polyimide(PAAs)sizing agent to obtain sized carbon fibers.The effects of sizing agent concentration and impregnation time on the processability of sized carbon fibers were studied,and the change of the surface and fracture morphology,surface elements and active groups of sized carbon fibers were analyzed.The results showed that the sizing rate of large-tow carbon fibers was mainly affected by the concentration of sizing agent,and the sizing process was basically completed within 30-60 s;compared with unsized carbon fibers,the hairy amount of sized carbon fibers was significantly reduced,and the drape value was increased with the increase of sizing rate,and the wear resistance times showed a first increasing and then decreasing trend with the increase of sizing rate;the sized carbon fibers had the sizing rate of 1.19%-1.52%and good processability when the mass fraction of PAAs was 0.3%-0.5%in the sizing agent and the impregnation time was 60 s;and the surface of sized carbon fibers was smooth,and the content of nitrogen and oxygen elements on the surface increased,and the polar groups of PAAs were introduced when the mass fraction of PAAs was 0.5%in the sizing agent and the impregnation time was 60 s.

关 键 词：碳纤维 大丝束 上浆处理 上浆率 可加工性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]