数字法庭功能论及其思考  

On the Function of Digital Court and Its Reflection

作　　者：钟一苇 ZHONG Yi-wei

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学法学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期124-134,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“清水江文书中的本土法律话语研究”(21xmz006)。

摘　　要：数字时代,尽管中国探索互联网司法新模式取得明显进展,但仍有两大难题亟待解决:一是“需求侧”,对于大量有法律服务需求但不具备基本法律知识的当事人,互联网虽为其纠纷解决开启了便利之门,但由于司法运行机制本身的复杂性,其仍难以普遍“触达司法”。二是“供给侧”,各地法院虽已将新技术应用于案件审理,但由于传统司法模式并未改变,致使“案多人少”困境依然存在。而适用于简单民事案件的“数字法庭”能够通过三层次功能破解上述难题:一为“线上指导”,为不了解司法程序的当事人提供线上咨询与评估服务,并对其选择和救济提供指导;二为“调处服务”,通过线上系统平台,使当事人无须聚集一处便可全程在线达成纠纷解决方案;三为“异步裁判”,庭审全程在线完成,并将重复、可批量处理的事务性工作交由系统自动完成,以减轻法官负担。尽管数字法庭应用在程序、技术、运行等方面尚需思考与完善,但作为中国“智慧司法”建设的一种未来方案,其能够在权利救济与司法裁判之间搭建一座桥梁,并缓解“触达司法”与“案多人少”困境。In the digital age,although significant progress has been made in exploring a new model of Internet justice,there are still two problems to be solved:the first is the“demand side”.For a large number of ordinary parties who have a demand for legal services without basic legal knowledge,it is still difficult to“access to justice”although the Internet has opened a convenient door for dispute resolution,due to the complexity of the judicial operation mechanism itself.The second is the“supply side”.Although courts in various regions have applied new technology to case trials,the dilemma of“more cases and less staff”still exists due to the unchanged traditional judicial model.The“digital court”applicable to simple civil cases can solve the above problems through the next three aspects:the first is“online guidance”,which provides online consultation and evaluation services for parties who are not familiar with judicial procedures,and provides guidance for their choices and remedies;the second is“mediation service”,which enables parties to access a dispute resolution through an online platform without having to gather in one place;the third is“asynchronous adjudication”,where the entire trial is completed online and the repetitive transactional work is automatically completed by the system to reduce the burden on judges.Although the application of digital courts still needs to be considered and improved in terms of procedures,technology,operation,and other aspects,as a future solution for China’s“smart justice”construction,it can build a bridge between rights relief and judicial judgment,and alleviate the dilemma of“access to justice”and“more cases and less staff”.

关 键 词：数字法庭 互联网司法 触达司法 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]