X波段双偏振相控阵雷达定量降水估测研究  

Analysis of radar quantitative precipitation estimation using X-band polarimetric radar

作　　者：荀爱萍 赵玉春 李菲 张妤晴 张晗昀 XUN Aiping;ZHAO Yuchun;LI Fei;ZHANG Yuqing;ZHANG Hanyun(Xiamen Key Laboratory of Straits Meteorology,Xiamen 361012;Xiamen Meteorological Observatory,Xiamen 361012;Haicang District Meteorological Bureau of Xiamen City,Xiamen 361026)

机构地区：[1]厦门市海峡气象开放重点实验室,厦门361012 [2]厦门市气象台,厦门361012 [3]厦门市海沧区气象局,厦门361026

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2023年第4期437-445,共9页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J011081);厦门市社会发展领域指导性项目(3502Z20214ZD4008,3502Z20214ZD4009,3502Z20214ZD 4004);福建省气象局开放式基金项目(2021K03,2020KX01,2021YJ10)。

摘　　要：双偏振雷达的一个重要应用是进行定量降水估测(QPE),常用的双偏振雷达降水估测方法主要有基于反射率(ZH)的R(ZH)关系、基于ZH和差分反射率(Z_(DR))的R(Z_(H),Z_(DR))关系、基于差分传播相移率(K_(dp))的R(K_(dp))关系、基于K_(dp)和Z_(DR)的R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))关系四种。本文利用厦门X波段相控阵雷达组网试验的36个降水时段的小时降水资料,采用最优化处理法,对S波段双偏振雷达适用的四种降水估测方法分别进行优化,使其适用于X波段相控阵雷达,并将优化后估测方法的测雨效果与X波段雷达自带的定量降水估测产品(X-QPE)进行对比评估,结果表明:(1)使用偏振参量K_(dp)的降水估测关系能够改善雷达的降水估测效果,R(K_(dp))、R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))的测雨效果相对于R(Z_(H))、R(Z_(H),Z_(DR))有明显提升。其中R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))在降水估测的误差以及稳定性方面表现最优,其效果优于X-QPE。(2)R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))对于稳定性以及混合性降水的估测效果略差于X-QPE,对于大雨量级的降水效果略差于R(Z_(H)),但对于暴雨量级的降水、对流性质的降水以及深对流降水,R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))测雨效果的提升非常显著。Quantitative precipitation estimation(QPE)is one of the important applications of dual-polarization radar.Four commonly used QPE methods include R(Z_(H))based on reflectivity(Z_(H)),R(Z_(H),Z_(DR))based on Z_(H) and differential reflectivity(Z_(DR)),R(K_(dp))based on specific differential phase(K_(dp)),and R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))based on Kdp and ZDR.With the 36-hour observation of precipitation processes during the X-band polarimetric radar networking test,the four QPE methods used by the S-band polarimetric radar are optimized to make it applicable to the X-band polarimetric radar with optimization algorithms.The performance of rainfall estimation by the optimized methods is evaluated compared to the X-band radar quantitative precipitation estimation products(X-QPE).The results show that:(1)The QPE methods with polarization parameter K_(dp) can improve the precipitation estimation of the X-band radar.Compared with R(Z_(H))and R(Z_(H),Z_(DR)),the precipitation estimation of R(K_(dp))and R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))is significantly improved.Among the four methods and X-QPE,R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))performs best in both accuracy and stability.(2)For the estimation by R(K_(dp),Z_(DR)),the results on stable and mixed precipitation is slightly worse than that of X-QPE,and the results on heavy rain are slightly worse than that of R(Z_(H)).However,for rainstorms,convective precipitation,and deep convection precipitation,the performance of R(K_(dp),Z_(DR))on precipitation estimation is significantly improved.

关 键 词：相控阵雷达 定量降水估测 最优化处理法 统计评估 

分 类 号：P414[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]