甘蓝型油菜耐盐碱性快速鉴定方法与应用  

Establishment of salt-alkali tolerant identification system and selection of salt-alkali tolerant germplasm in rapeseeds(Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：万何平 余忆 陈敬东 鲁金春子 冉景鸿 戴希刚[1] 文静[2,3] 傅廷栋 沈金雄[2,3] 曾长立 WAN He-ping;Yu Yi;CHEN Jing-dong;LU Jing-chun-zi;RAN Jing-hong;DAI Xi-gang;WEN Jing;FU Ting-dong;SHEN Jing-xiong;ZENG Chang-li(Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin/Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430056 [2]华中农业大学国家油菜工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第4期776-784,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2021HSZD004);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导性项目(B2021057)。

摘　　要：快速准确、简便高效的耐盐碱鉴定评价体系对鉴定与评价油菜种质资源耐盐碱性至关重要。为建立油菜耐盐碱评价体系,筛选耐盐碱油菜种质,以中国各油菜主产区的87个甘蓝型油菜品种/品系(自交系)为试验材料,采用油菜水培系统,模拟盐碱胁迫条件下对其苗期抗性进行了鉴定与评价。研究结果显示,盐碱胁迫下油菜植株的完全展开绿叶数量可作为有效区分不同油菜耐盐碱性的可靠指标。通过对完全展开绿叶数进行分级,可将所测定的87份油菜资源分为0~III共计4个耐盐碱等级,其中,筛选获得7份抗性等级为III级的耐盐碱油菜资源。本研究结果为油菜耐盐碱遗传研究与育种改良提供了技术和种质资源支撑。An accurate and efficient identification system of salinity and alkali resistance is very important for the evaluation of salinity and alkali resistance of rapeseed germplasm resources.In order to establish an evaluation system for salinity and alkali tolerance of rapeseed and screen the tolerant germplasm,87 rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)varieties/lines(inbred lines)from major rapeseed producing areas in China were used as test materials,and a hydroponic system was used to simulate stress.The results showed that the number of fully expanded green leaves of rapeseed plants under saline-alkali stress could be used as a reliable indicator for effectively distinguishing differ-ent types of rapeseeds,while the fresh weight of aboveground parts could be used as auxiliary indicators.By grading the number of fully expanded green leaves,the 87 rapeseed resources measured were divided into 4 salt-and-alka-li-tolerant grades from 0 to III.Among them,7 salt-alkali-tolerant rapeseed resources with resistance grade III were obtained.The results provided methods and resources for salinity-tolerant breeding of rapeseed.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 盐碱胁迫 水培体系 抗性等级 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]