冀东地区夏播花生产量和品质研究  

Yield and quality of summer-sowing peanut in eastern Hebei Province

作　　者：刘学锐 韩金玲 秦保平 孙伟明 王健 李向岭 崔旭蕾 吕天蕊 杨晴 LIU Xue-rui;HAN Jin-ling;QIN Bao-ping;SUN Wei-ming;WANG Jian;LI Xiang-ling;CUI Xu-lei;LYU Tian-rui;YANG Qing(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066600,China;College of Marine Resources and Environment,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technolo-gy,Qinhuangdao 066600,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology,Qinhuangdao 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066600 [2]河北科技师范学院海洋资源与环境学院,河北秦皇岛066600 [3]河北省逆境生物学重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第4期826-835,共10页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(花生现代种业科技创新团队)(21326316D-6)。

摘　　要：为筛选冀东地区夏播花生品种,主要从产量和品质两方面研究15个早熟花生品种的适应性。结果表明:15个品种生育天数105~109 d,花育9515和四粒红生育天数为105 d。花育9515百果和百仁重最高,大白沙171和冀花11号出仁率和饱果率较高,3个品种荚果和籽仁产量也较高。大白沙171、冀花11号、花育9515和四粒红4个品种鲜果产量较高。筛选出的脂肪、蛋白、油酸、氨基酸和糖含量高的花生品种分别为青花6号、花育23号、大白沙171、豫花40号和白沙308;鲁花14号、花育9515和四粒红;冀花11号;黑1732、花育9515、潍花8号和四粒红;四粒红、阜花27和黑1732。荚果与籽仁产量和饱果率、百果与百仁重均呈显著正相关;千克果数与饱果率和百果重、氨基酸与脂肪和蛋白质含量均呈显著负相关。主成分分析将产量和品质26个性状分为5个主成分,累积贡献率为89.81%,依次反映的是蛋白质、氨基酸组分含量、脂肪酸组分含量、饱果率和出仁率信息。依据5个主成分得分进行K-means聚类分析,将15个品种分为4个类群。综上,冀东地区夏播花生具有高产潜力,籽仁脂肪、可溶性糖和必需氨基酸含量较高,但蛋白质、油酸、赖氨酸含量和油/亚比微幅降低,可通过优化栽培措施提高,且该地夏播花生播种时间不应晚于6月25日。To screen peanut varieties for summer-sowing in eastern Hebei Province,the adaptability of 15 ear-ly maturing peanut varieties was studied on yield and quality.The results showed that the growth period of 15 variet-ies were 105-109 days,and that of Huayu 9515 and Silihong were 105 days.The 100-pod and 100-kernel weight were the highest of Huayu 9515,and the kernel and full pod rate were both higher in Dabaisha 171 and Jihua 11,and the pods yield were higher of the three varieties.The fresh pods yield were higher with Dabaisha 171,Jihua 11,Huayu 9515 and Silihong.The selected peanut varieties with high fat,protein,oleic acid,amino acid and sugar con-tent were Qinghua 6,Huayu 23,Dabaisha 171,Yuhua 40 and Baisha 308;Luhua 14,and Huayu 9515;Jihua 11;Hei 1732,Huayu 9515,Weihua 8 and Silihong;Silihong,Fuhua 27 and Hei 1732 respectively.There was a signifi-cant positive correlation between kernel yield and full pod rate with pods yield,also between 100-pod weight and 100-kernel weight.While the pods per kilogram had a significant negative correlation with full pod rate and 100-pod weight,and so was there between amino content and the fat,protein.The 26 traits of yield and quality were di vided into 5 components by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.81%,which reflected the information of protein content,amino acid component,fatty acid component,full pod rate and kernel rate successively.The 15 varieties were divided into 4 groups by K-means clustering analysis based on the value of 5 principal components.In conclusion,the summer-sowing peanut in eastern Hebei Province has high-yield poten-tial.The contents of fat,soluble sugar and essential amino acids increased,while the contents of protein,lysine,oleic acid and oil/linoleic acid value decrease slightly in kernels,which can be improved by optimizing cultivation mea-sures.And the sowing time of summer-sowing peanut should not be later than June 25.

关 键 词：冀东地区 夏播花生 产量 品质 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]