浙江海域晶莹蟳(十足目:短尾下目:梭子蟹科)首次纪录  

First record of Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera(Decapoda:Brachyura:Portunidae)in coastal waters off Zhejiang,China

作　　者：田伟[1] 陈佳杰[1] 陈渊戈[1] 徐兆礼[1] TIAN Wei;CHEN Jiajie;CHEN Yuange;XU Zhaoli(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy ofFishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2023年第3期379-384,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：宁海至桃源跨海桥梁工程海洋环境影响跟踪监测项目(2138-H-2018)。

摘　　要：晶莹蟳[Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera]隶属于十足目,短尾下目,梭子蟹科,蟳属,主要分布于印度-西太平洋,在我国主要分布于南方海域,是一种可食用的大型蟹类,具有很高的营养价值和潜在的医用研究价值,有非常好的养殖前景。2020年9月和2021年1月在浙江台州近岸海域进行渔业资源调查时,分别采集到1个雄性晶莹蟳样品,这是该种在浙江海域的首次记录。其主要鉴别特征有:头胸甲光裸无毛,具细微颗粒,鳃区各具2椭圆形大斑,背面具数条横线隆脊;额分6齿,各齿间均具V型缺刻;腹内眼窝角齿状,外侧中央叶较锐;前侧缘具6齿;第3颚足表面密具颗粒,长节甚短于座节;螯足粗壮,长节前缘具3刺,腕节内末角具1壮刺,掌节背面具5短刺,两指末端黑棕色,内缘均具大小不等的黑棕色钝齿;游泳足长节后缘近末端处具1长刺,前节的后缘具7枚锯齿;雄性腹部第3~5节愈合;雄性第1腹肢末端内、外缘均具一排小刺。新鲜标本头胸甲为紫红色,酒精溶液固定后标本为粉红色。该种区别于其他同亚属蟹类的主要特征为:头胸甲前鳃脊后无明显隆脊;游泳足前节后缘具数枚锯齿,腕节后缘无刺;腹眼窝缘外侧部的中央叶锐齿状。本次在浙江海域发现晶莹蟳可能与“全球变暖”的气候变化有关。Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera(Fabricius,1798)(Decapoda:Brachyura:Portunidae)is a edible crab species distributed mainly in the Indo-West Pacific region.This species has high nutritional value and potential value for medical research,because it contains rich proteins,high polyunsaturated fatty acids,minerals and antimicrobial proteins in the muscle,so it also has a very promising aquaculture prospect.In China,Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera,for a long time,has been reported from the southern East China Sea and South China Sea and has not been recorded in coastal waters off Zhejiang.However,two male crabs collected from coastal waters off Zhejiang,China in September 2020 and January 2021 were identified as Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera(Fabricius,1798).It is the first record of this species in coastal waters off Zhejiang.The main morphological characteristics are as follows:dorsal surface of carapace naked with microscopic granules and several transverse granular ridges;two pair spots on either branchial region,one pair nearer to the cardiac region larger than the other pair;frontal region with 6 rounded teeth,the median one the largest,between each tooth with V-shaped notch;median lobute of lateral part of ventral border of orbit sharply dentiform;anterolateral margin with 6 teeth,the last one smallest and pointed outward;the third maxilliped with dense granules,merus much shorter than ischium;chelipeds massive,3 spines on the anterior margin of merus and a strong spine on inner angle of carpus,palm with 5 short but well-developed spines,fingers blackish-brown,cutting edges lined with several unequal size teeth;the natatory leg with a long spine on the posterior border of merus and a row of spinules on the posterior border of manus;the first gonopod with stout base and curved upper part,the tip of the first gonopod armed with many long spines on the inner and outer margin,inner spines slightly longer than outer ones.Fresh specimen is fuchsia,while presenting pink after fixed in alcohol.Charybdis(Charybdis)lucifera diffe

关 键 词：首次纪录 蟳属 晶莹蟳 浙江 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]