混播牧草根系和根际特征对磷素利用效率的影响  

Effects of root characteristics on phosphorus use efficiency of forage grass under different phosphorus supply levels

作　　者：朱亚琼 陈雪 郑伟 祁军[3] 窦梓鐿 王宁欣 ZHU Yaqiong;CHEN Xue;ZHENG Wei;QI Jun;DOU Ziyi;WANG Ningxin(College of Pratacultural and Environmental Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Fourth Division Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Yining 836600,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第四师农科所,新疆伊宁836600

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第8期2129-2139,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划重点项目(XJEDU2019I013);“国家绿肥产业技术体系”项目(CARS-22-Z-18);国家自然科学基金项目(32060402);新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局草原生态修复治理补助项目(XJCYZZ202006);“国家牧草现代产业技术体系”项目(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为探究土壤不同供磷水平对燕麦(Avena sativa)+箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)混播牧草磷的利用效率、根系形态特征与根际微环境特征,以及牧草根系形态与根际微环境特征与磷素利用效率的关系,本研究利用盆栽试验设土壤低、中、高3个供磷水平,通过测定两种混播牧草植株的磷利用效率、营养竞争比率、土壤磷的富集率、根系形态特征参数以及根际微环境特征等相关指标,分析豆禾混播体系中牧草的磷养分利用优势,明确土壤不同供磷水平对牧草混播体系磷养分的竞争。结果表明:1)土壤高供磷水平处理的混播牧草植株磷含量显著高于中磷和低磷水平处理(P<0.05),但其磷利用效率较低,而低磷水平处理的牧草磷利用效率较高。2)土壤不同供磷水平下牧草根系形态特征参数具有明显差异,但对根系构型特征影响不显著(P>0.05)。3)不同供磷水平处理下土壤pH表现为低磷>中磷>高磷水平,低磷水平处理的土壤磷酸酶活性表现最低,高磷和中磷水平处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。本研究重点剖析土壤不同供磷水平下豆禾牧草混播体系磷的利用效率,探索磷高效植物与磷低效植物之间磷传递或磷共享可能途径及影响因素,为豆禾牧草混播体系磷高效利用提供科学途径。To investigate the effects of different soil phosphorus supply levels on phosphorus use efficiency,root morphology,and rhizosphere microenvironment characteristics of mixed forage grasses(Avena sativa and Vicia sativa)and to determine the relationship between root morphology,rhizosphere microenvironment characteristics and phosphorus use efficiency,a pot experiment was conducted with three soil phosphorus supply levels:high,medium,and low.The phosphorus use efficiency,nutrient competition ratio,soil phosphorus enrichment rate,root morphological characteristics,and rhizosphere microenvironment characteristics of the two mixed grass plants were measured.Relevant indicators were used to analyze the phosphorus use advantages of the use of forage grass in the legume-grass mixed-sowing system and to clarify the competition for phosphorus nutrients in the soil in the legume-grass mixed-sowing system with different phosphorus supply levels.The results were as follows:1)The P content of the forage under the high-P treatment was significantly higher than that under the medium-and low-P treatments(P<0.05),but the P use efficiency of forage under the low-P treatment was lower than that under medium-P treatment.2)Significant differences were found in the morphological root characteristics of the forage under different soil phosphorus supply levels,but no significant difference were found in root configuration characteristics(P>0.05).3)The soil pH value was ranked in the order of low P>medium P>high P treatments.The soil phosphatase activity was the lowest in the low-P treatment,and no significant difference was found between the high-and medium-P treatments(P>0.05).This study analyzed the phosphorus use efficiency of this mixed-seeding system under different phosphorus supply levels in the soil and exploring the possible pathways through which phosphorus transfer or sharing occurs between phosphorus-efficient and phosphorus-inefficient plants and their influencing factors to provide scientific information for the efficient us

关 键 词：燕麦 箭筈豌豆 供磷水平 根际土壤 磷富集率 磷利用效率 根系构型特征 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]