中国向日葵生产、消费现状与前景  

Production,Consumption Status and Prospect of Sunflower in China

作　　者：朱孔艳 韩升才 赵榕 温玉洁 胡昊驰 乔益民 卢佳锋 曹凯 许政晗 包海柱[1] 高聚林[1] Zhu Kongyan;Han Shengcai;Zhao Rong;Wen Yujie;Hu Haochi;Qiao Yimin;Lu Jiafeng;Cao Kai;Xu Zhenghan;Bao Haizhu;Gao Julin(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,Inner Mongolia;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,Inner Mongolia;Inner Mongolia Hangjinhouqi Yimin Seed Co.,Ltd.,Bayan Nur 015400,Inner Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植保学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古杭锦后旗益民种子有限责任公司,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015400

出　　处：《农业展望》2023年第7期64-71,共8页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：内蒙古农业大学科技成果转化专项资金动植物品种选育(培育)(YZGC2017003);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才科研启动计划(NDYB2017-8);内蒙古“草原英才”工程第10批;内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费(RZ2200001012)。

摘　　要：近年来,向日葵产业作为一个传统产业越来越受到人们重视。以联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)统计的中国内地数据为基础,对2000—2019年中国向日葵生产现状、消费量、消费结构及进出口贸易现状进行统计分析,探讨中国向日葵生产与消费的动态趋势。结果表明,中国向日葵年度种植面积是总产量的关键制约因素,种植面积及总产量稳定将推动向日葵产业稳步发展;国内向日葵消费量变化呈频繁波动趋势,消费结构中的种子消费持续处于低水平的平稳状态;中国向日葵出口量始终高于进口量,且进口量与出口量间的差距逐年增大。在此基础上,对未来10年中国向日葵贸易发展趋势进行了展望,并建议在发展国际贸易出口的同时适度增加进口贸易;同时向日葵作为中国油料作物的补充,在中国耕地面积有限的情况下,应通过提高单产并开发国内盐碱地种植来增加向日葵总产。In recent years,the sunflower industry has been paid more and more attention as a traditional industry.Based on the data of Chinese mainland from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),a statistical analysis of the current situation of sunflower production,consumption,consumption structure and import and export trade in China from 2000 to 2019 was made,and the dynamic trend of sunflower production and consumption in China was discussed.The results showed that the annual planting area of sunflower in China is the key restricting factor of total output,and the stability of planting area and total output would promote the steady development of sunflower industry;domestic sunflower consumption showed frequent fluctuations,and the seed consumption in the consumption structure remained at a low level of stability;China's sunflower export volume is always higher than the import volume,and the gap between sunflower import volume and export volume increased year over year.On this basis,the development trend of China's sunflower trade in the next 10 years was forecasted,and suggestions were put forward from developing international trade exports while moderately increasing import trade;at the same time,sunflower,as a supplement to China's oil crops,should increase the total yield of sunflower by increasing the total output of sunflower and developing domestic saline-alkali land planting under the condition of limited cultivated land area in China.

关 键 词：向日葵 生产 消费 贸易 

分 类 号：F326.13[经济管理—产业经济]