测土配方施肥技术采纳对提高水果产业生产效率的影响——以香蕉生产为例  

Impact of Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Technology Adoption on Improving Production Efficiency of Fruit Industry——Taking Banana Production as an Example

作　　者：许娟 起建凌[1] 金璟[1] Xu Juan;Qi Jianling;Jin Jing(College of Economics and Management,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学经济管理学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《农业展望》2023年第7期114-120,共7页Agricultural Outlook

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“西南边疆民族地区农村家庭相对贫困的多维评价、测度及治理研究”(21BMZ053)。

摘　　要：推广测土配方施肥技术有利于减少农业面源污染、促进产业提质增效以及保障农产品质量安全。利用广东、海南和云南3省共632份香蕉种植户的调研数据,运用数据包络分析法(DEA)和倾向得分匹配法(PSM)实证分析农户采纳测土配方施肥技术与其生产效率的关系,结果表明:农户的生产效率介于0.001~1之间,香蕉种植户的生产效率均值为0.388,整体的生产效率不高;不同区域的生产效率存在显著差异,广东、海南和云南的生产效率均值分别为0.135、0.427和0.630;农户采纳测土配方施肥技术受年龄、家庭劳动力、土地细碎化程度、技术培训和加入合作社这些因素的影响;农户采纳测土配方施肥技术能够显著提高其生产效率。基于此,进一步推动测土配方施肥技术采纳,需加强对测土配方施肥技术的推广;加强农户技术培训;积极探索适宜且能提高当地生产效率的施肥方案。The promotion of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology is beneficial to reduce agricultural pollution from non-point sources,promote quality and efficiency of the industry,and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.The relationship between farmers'adoption of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology and their production efficiency was empirically analyzed by using data from 632 banana farmers in Guangdong,Hainan and Yunnan provinces,through DEA and PSM.The results showed that:the productivity of farmers ranges from 0.001 to 1,and the mean value of productivity of banana farmers is 0.388,which is not high overall;the productivity of different regions is different significantly,with the mean values of 0.135,0.427 and 0.630 in Guangdong,Hainan and Yunnan,respectively;the adoption of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology by farmers is influenced by age,household labor,land fragmentation,technical training,and membership in cooperatives;the adoption of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology by farmers can significantly improve their productivity.In view of this,in order to further promote the adoption of soil testing and formulated fertilization technology,it is necessary to strengthen the promotion of soil testing and fertilizer application technology;strengthen technical training for farmers;and actively explore appropriate fertilizer application programs that can improve local production efficiency.

关 键 词：测土配方施肥技术 技术采纳 生产效率 DEA-PSM 水果产业 

分 类 号：S147[农业科学—肥料学] F326.13[农业科学—农业基础科学]