体验的时刻:红色博物馆传播的访客研究  

Moments of Experience:A Visitor Study of Red Museum Communication

作　　者：李理 邹易颖 Li Li;Zou Yiying(Central China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学新闻传播学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《新闻与传播评论》2023年第5期48-59,共12页Journalism & Communication Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD324)。

摘　　要：红色博物馆是爱国主义教育的集中体现,是启蒙群众和传播革命精神精心设计的基本要素。研究通过访客录像对上海、南昌、武汉、洪湖等地6个红色博物馆内有组织的访客进行观察。掌握访客的馆内行进路线和空间偏好、如何使用解说资源与讲解员互动、如何理解评论展品和陈列布局、如何使用交互技术创造沉浸式体验等。通过深度访谈,聚焦红色博物馆展览设计如何加强访客参观之前之后,以及在馆内馆外的体验。研究通过红色博物馆特殊兴趣和爱好诉求与沉浸体验之间的关系来界定“有组织”的访客,用以区别临时访客。研究发现,红色博物馆参观主要结果是访客态度的改变。“有组织的”实地考察使访客对事实有了更好的了解;“无组织的”实地考察则使参与者对所展示的主题产生更大的兴趣和热情,即产生了更积极的态度。访客语言和身体行动,应在沉浸体验的实践感之中产生:每一个情境是由互动体验模型持续构建的,这种构建对于访客都是独一无二的,行动和体验是偶发的时刻。编排设计以及馆员管理在有组织和无组织的访客体验中找到平衡是关键。Red museums are the focal point of patriotic education and an essential element in the elabo-ration of enlightening the masses and spreading the spirit of revolution.The study observes organized visitors in six Red Museums in Shanghai,Nanchang,Wuhan and Honghu through visitor videos,mainly sourced from social practice college class transcripts,media section filming on predictable topics,and data from third-party new technology applications of the Red Museums.It captures visitors’spatial preferences for travel routes of within the museums,how they use interpretive resources to interact with docents,how they understand and comment on exhibits and display layouts,and how they use interactive technologies to create immersive expe-riences.The study also focuses on how Red Museum exhibition design can better enhance visitors’experi-ences before and after their visit,as well as inside and outside the museum,through a qualitative research methodology of in-depth interviews.The study defines"organized"visitors by the relationship between the Red Museum’s special interests and hobbies(Party Day themed activities,donation and collection of revolu-tionary artefacts,geographic landmarks,etc.)and the immersive experience to differentiate them from casual visitors.Visitors’language and physical actions should be generated within the practical sense of the immer-sion experience.Each situation is continuously constructed by an interactive experiential model that is unique to the visitor,and actions and experiences are episodic moments.Finding a balance between organized and casual visitor experiences in exhibition design,layout and curatorial management is the key.

关 键 词：红色博物馆 沉浸体验 访客录像研究 互动体验模型 

分 类 号：G268.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]