土质岸坡复合水力侵蚀模型试验研究  

Modeltest on composite hydraulic erosion of soil bank slope

作　　者：付旭辉[1] 田佳慧 程一烋 杜洪源 龚敖 FU Xuhui;TIAN Jiahui;CHENG Yixiao;DU Hongyuan;GONG Ao(National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Wusheng Waterway Management Office,Guang’an 638399,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学,国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,重庆400074 [2]四川省广安市武胜航道管理处,四川广安638399

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第8期163-169,共7页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：贵州省交通运输厅科技项目(GZJT2021-221-012);重庆市技术创新与应用示范专项重点研发项目(cstc2018jszx-zdyfxmX0021-05);重庆市教育委员会“成渝地区双城经济圈建设”科技创新项目(KJCXZD2020030)。

摘　　要：三峡库区消落带周期性干湿变化引起岸坡水土流失,导致部分土体裸露,植被覆盖较少,生态修复困难。在外部降雨及波浪的共同作用下,消落带岸坡表层土体受冲刷掏蚀,侵蚀加剧,土壤流失加重。以三峡库区消落带土质岸坡为研究对象,分析降雨和波浪复合作用下的侵蚀权重,研究特拉锚垫结构在复合侵蚀作用下的防护性能。试验结果表明:波浪因子和降雨因子平均侵蚀比重分别为71.23%、49.56%,复合水力侵蚀中波浪为主要侵蚀因素。特拉锚垫具有较好的抗侵蚀性,在复合水力侵蚀中可平均减小约65.2%的土壤流失量,加入石笼网结构后可提升约20%的抗侵蚀。对类似土体侵蚀分析与护岸结构的选择具有指导意义。The periodic dry and wet changes of the fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir area cause water and soil loss on the bank slope,resulting in soil exposure and less vegetation coverage and making ecological restoration difficult.Under the combined action of external rainfall and waves,the surface soil of the bank slope in the fluctuation zone is scoured and eroded,resulting in intensified erosion and soil loss.Taking the soil bank slope in the fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir area as the research object,this paper analyzes the erosion weight under the combined action of rainfall and waves and studies the protection performance of the terra block mat structure under the composite erosion.The experimental results show that the average erosion weight of wave factor and rainfall factor is 71.23%and 49.56%,respectively.Wave is the main erosion factor in composite hydraulic erosion.Terra block mat has great erosion resistance and can reduce the average soil loss of about 65.2%in composite hydraulic erosion,and adding a stone cage net structure can improve erosion resistance by about 20%.It has guiding significance for the analysis of similar soil erosion and the selection of revetment structures.

关 键 词：特拉锚垫 降雨强度 波高 侵蚀比重 

分 类 号：U617.8[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]