新生儿早期甲状腺功能异常减退的研究进展  

Research progress on early hypothyroidism in newborns

作　　者：李政秀 曾卫强 LI Zhengxiu;ZENG Weiqiang(College of Pharmacy,Guangdong Medical University,Guangdong Province,Zhanjiang,524002,China;Department of Pharmaceutical,Shunde Women and Children Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,Guangdong Province,Foshan,528300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学药学院,广东湛江524002 [2]广东医科大学顺德妇女儿童医院药学部,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第24期42-46,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：广东省佛山市科技创新项目(2020001005408)。

摘　　要：新生儿尤其是早产儿经常出现甲状腺功能异常减退,这些异常通常具有隐匿性且非典型。宫内发育不完全的早产儿和低出生体重儿与正常足月儿使用一致的先天性甲状腺功能减退筛查和治疗规范容易造成遗漏和延误治疗,但目前的指南规范并没有具体说明。这种早期的甲状腺功能异常大多是一过性的,是否需要治疗仍存在争议。本文从新生儿的甲状腺功能、早期甲状腺功能减退可能的原因、甲状腺功能减退症的基本分类、新生儿筛查与甲状腺功能再评估、早期甲状腺功能异常减低是否需要治疗等方面进行综述。未来还需要更多大型研究探究适合早产儿和低出生体重儿等宫内发育不完全新生儿的甲状腺功能减退起始治疗和新生儿筛查阈值,规范再次评估的时间间隔,以免因延迟治疗造成不可逆的伤害。Newborns,especially premature infants,often experience hypothyroidism,which is often insidious and atypical.Use the same screening and treatment criteria for congenital hypothyroidism in preterm infants and low birth weight with intrauterine growth imperfection and normal term infants,easy to cause omissions and delays in treatment,but the current guidelines and specifications do not specify.This early thyroid dysfunction is mostly transient,and the need for treatment remains controversial.This article reviews the thyroid function of newborns,possible causes of early hypothyroidism,basic classification of hypothyroidism,neonatal screening and reassessment of thyroid function,and whether early hypothyroidism requires treatment.In the future,more large-scale studies are needed to explore the initial treatment of hypothyroidism and neonatal screening threshold suitable for premature infants and low birth weight with intrauterine growth imperfection,standardize the time interval for reassess to avoid irreversible harm caused by delayed treatment.

关 键 词：早期甲状腺功能异常 亚临床甲状腺功能减退 暂时性低甲状腺素血症 研究进展 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]