关联混淆规则下商品类似关系认定标准研究  

Research on Standard for Determining Commodity Similarity Relationship under Association Confusion Rule

作　　者：王俊 陈金荆[3] Wang Jun;Chen Jin-jing

机构地区：[1]厦门大学知识产权研究院 [2]厦门大学一带一路研究院 [3]厦门大学一带一路研究院创新与知识产权研究中心

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（法学版）》2023年第3期67-80,共14页Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“中国地方工业产权保护、财政激励与企业创新结构:交互机制、影响识别与有效性分析”(项目编号:72003161)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：关联混淆规则扩张适用的隐忧,源自当下司法实践存在扩张商品类似关系认定范围的现象。司法机关以“主观类似”标准判断商品类似关系,该标准的内在逻辑是在商标侵权判定的规范解释路径上采用法律标准说,形式特质上则将“相关公众认知”这一主观因素提升到与客观五要素并重的权衡地位。“主观类似”标准的局限在于:一方面,违背了财产法事前确定权利范围和边界的制度原理,使得商品类似关系因案而异,缺乏稳定的判断基点;另一方面,还会令普通注册商标权获得与驰名商标无异的跨类禁用效力,使得“类似商品”变为“跨类”的修辞性表达。故在改进思路上,应坚持以“客观五要素为主,相关公众认知为辅”作为商品类似关系的判断基点。The hidden concern over the expansive application of the rule on“confusion over relation”stems from the current judicial practice of expanding the scope of identifying the similarities between goods.Judicial authorities determine the similarities between goods according to the“subjective similarity”standard.The internal logic of this standard is adopting the legal standard theory as the approach of norm interpretation to determine trademark infringement.In terms of formal characteristics,the subjective element of“perception of the relative public”is elevated to the status of the five objective elements in the weighing.The limitation of the“subjective similarity”standard is that,on the one hand,it contradicts with the principle of determining the scope and boundary of rights beforehand in property law,which makes the similarity of goods vary from case to case and lacks a stable basis for judgment.On the other hand,this standard gives ordinary registered trademarks the same cross-category prohibition effect as well-known trademarks,turning“similar goods”into a rhetorical expression of“cross-category”.As for how to improve,in determining the similarities between goods,the five objective elements should be taken as the main basis for judgment,supplemented by the perception of the relative public.

关 键 词：关联混淆 间接混淆 关联商品 混淆理论 商标侵权 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]