基于河狸门齿的锤片式粉碎机锤片仿生设计  

Biomimetic design of hammer pieces for hammer mill based on beaver incisors

作　　者：王金栋[1] 谢宇鸿 陈燚 吴展扬 WANG Jindong;XIE Yuhong;CHEN Yi;WU Zhanyang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2023年第4期476-484,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2021YFG0194);西南交通大学学科交叉专项(2682021ZTPY067)。

摘　　要：为提高锤片式粉碎机的粉碎效率并降低其能耗,以河狸门齿为仿生原型,设计了一种新型仿生锤片。首先,对河狸门齿进行逆向重构,获取了准确的河狸门齿三维模型。然后,对河狸门齿的特征结构进行确定、提取与表征,并将提取的仿生耦元用于锤片齿面设计。最后,通过锤片-物料粉碎仿真计算,以物料断裂时长和所受最大应力作为仿生锤片性能的评价指标,基于响应面法构建了仿生锤片的结构参数与性能指标的响应面代理模型,并采用Design-Expert软件对最优结构参数组合进行了求解。物料粉碎仿真结果表明,相较于普通锤片,仿生锤片造成的物料断口较大,与物料正面碰撞时产生的最大应力更大,且物料断裂所需时间更短。物料粉碎实验结果表明,更换仿生锤片后粉碎机的生产效率更高,过粉碎现象有所改善,说明仿生锤片的使役性能优于普通锤片。研究结果可为饲料加工用粉碎机锤片的设计提供参考。In order to improve the crushing efficiency and reduce energy consumption of the hammer mill,a new type of biomimetic hammer piece was designed with beaver incisors as biomimetic prototype.Firstly,the reverse reconstruction for beaver incisors was carried out to obtain an accurate three-dimensional model of beaver incisors.Then,the characteristic structure of beaver incisors was determined,extracted and characterized,and the obtained biomimetic coupling element was used for the tooth surface design of hammer pieces.Finally,through the hammer piece-material crushing simulation calculation,taking the fracture duration and maximum stress of material as the evaluation indicators of the biomimetic hammer piece performance,the response surface surrogate model of the structural parameters and performance indicators of the biomimetic hammer piece was constructed by the response surface method,and the optimal combination of structural parameters was solved by the Design-Expert software.The simulation results of material crushing showed that compared to ordinary hammer pieces,biomimetic hammer pieces caused larger material fractures,generated greater maximum stress when colliding with the material head-on,and required shorter time for material fracture.The experimental results of material crushing showed that after replacing the biomimetic hammer pieces,the production efficiency of the mill was higher and over crushing was improved,indicating that the service performance of the biomimetic hammer piece was better than that of the ordinary hammer piece.The research results can provide reference for the design of hammer pieces of mills for feed processing.

关 键 词：河狸门齿 锤片 仿生设计 优化 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] S220.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]